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GI Rxs 2
N/A
32
Medical
Professional
02/26/2010

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Term
Infliximab
Definition
Used to rx AI DO (Crohn's, UC)

Chimeric monoclonal Ab directed at TNFa

Single i.v. may induce remission in Crohn's
Term
Infliximab disadvantages
Definition
high cost

long term effects unknown
Term
Loperamide
Definition
Antidiarrheal rx
Term
Loperamide considerations
Definition
Use no more that 48 hrs
Can cx CNS dep in overdose
Children may be more sensitive to CNS effects
Term
Loperamide mechanism
Definition
acts at mu rec

50 times more potent than morphine at antidiarrheal, but low abuse potential
Term
Magnesium hydroxide
Definition
Diarrhea
CNS tox
Term
Metaclopramide
Definition
Dopamine receptor antagonist

Prokinetic
Term
Metoclopramide
Definition
Dopamine rec antagoinst
Term
Metoclopramide
Definition
Antiemetic rx

Blocks DA rec in CTZ
Term
Metoclopramide adverse effects
Definition
CNS effects
Tardive dyskinesia
Term
Metoclopramide mechanism
Definition
Inc tone of LES
Stimulate antral and sm int contractions
Facilitates gastric emptying
Term
Metoclopramide uses
Definition
1. Gastroparesis
2. Postoperative ilius
3. N/V cxed by dymotility
Term
Misoprostol
Definition
Prostaglandin analog
Term
Misoprostol adverse effects (3)
Definition
1. Diarrhea
2. Exacerbates IBD
3. Abortion
Term
Misoprostol mechanism
Definition
Binds to EP3 rec on parietal cells and inh acid secretion

Stim secretion of mucin and bicarb
Term
Misoprostol pharmacokinetics
Definition
First-pass

Food and antacids delay absorption

Effective w/in 30 min, lasts 3 hrs
Term
Misoprostol uses (1)
Definition
1. Prevent NSAIDs mucosal inj
Term
Olsalazine
Definition
5-aminosalicylate w fewer adverse affects than sulfsalazine
Term
Omeprazole
Definition
Proton pump inh
Term
Omeprazole uses
Definition
1. Heal gastric ulcers
2. GERD
3. ZOllinger-Ellison
4. Reduce duodenal ulcer recurrence
Term
Ondansetron
Definition
Antiemetic

Blocks 5HT rec in CTZ
Term
Ondansetron
Definition
Selective anatagonist of 5HT rec
Term
Ondansetron indications (2)
Definition
1. N/V of chemo, radiation
2. Post-op N/V
Term
Ondansetron pharmacokinetics
Definition
Antiemetic effects persist long after drug is gone
Term
Ondansetron side effects (3)
Definition
Allergic rxns
COnstipation/diarhea
Fever, HA
Term
PPI adverse effects (3)
Definition
1. Hypergastrinemia
2. Dec B12 absorption
3. Inh CYP450
Term
PPI clearance dec w
Definition
hepatic (not renal) dz
Term
Proton pump inh mechanism
Definition
Inh K/H ATPase

Exist as prodrugs, absorbed in systemic circulation, accumulate in parietal cell canalicul

Binds irreversibly w -SH groups on the pump

Inh 95% acid secretion
Term
Proton pump inh pharmacokinetics
Definition
Delayed realease oral forms enteric coated to bypass gastric acids

Elimination time 1-2 hrs, but effective 12-24 hrs

Administer w or before meals

Takes several doses to achieve max suppression
Term
Sodium Bicarb
Definition
Highly effective
Inexpensive

Short duration
Causes alkalosis w excessive use
Term
Sulfasalazine
Definition
5-aminosalicylate used in IBD
Term
Sulfasalazine considerations
Definition
Many adverse effects, so...
Not preferred

1. Megaloblastic anemia
2. Low sperm ct
3. Steven-Johnson synd
4. Pancreatitis
5. Neurotox
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