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GI-Micro
Intestinal Protozoan Parasites
14
Microbiology
Graduate
02/16/2011

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Describe the virulence factors of the trophozoite form of Entamoeba hystolitica

Are they anaerobic?

What is the benign species of Entamoeba

Definition

Trophozoite

Lectins: Galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine Phagocytosis: Bacteria and RBC's

Cytocidal Secretion(Amebapore enzymes)

Histiolytic enzymes

Antibody capping

Anaerobic: No Mitochondria, (Mitoplast)

Benign Species: Dispar

Term

What is the pathogenesis and resulting pathologies of entamoeba hystolitica?

Definition

Trophozoites emerge in small bowel, colonize large bowel

Galactose/N-acetylgalactoseamine lectins

Pore-forming enzymes lyse cells

Antibody capping

Severe acute Inflammation

Manifestations:

GI Mucosal Ulcers(Many PMN's)

Hepatic abcesses: no inflamation

Lung: Pneumonia, Peritonitis

Pericardial Infection

Term
Structural characteristics of Giardia lambia and the process of cyst formation
Definition

Binucleate with 4 pairs of flagella

Sucker Structure

No mitochondria

Cysts

Decreased cholesterol-> Flagella retraction, one cell division(4 nuclei)

GalNAc polymer cell wall formation

Term

What is the presentation of acute and chronic Giardiasis

What deficiency is seen long term?

Definition

Explosive diarrhea

Foul-smelling, floating stool

Gas production

No blood or mucus

Chronic:

Malabsorption: Carbs/Fats and B12

Loose Stools/Flatulence/Discomfort

Term

What is the replication strategy of cryptosporidium?

How does cryptosporidium infection present?

What is the infectious form?

Is it facultative or obligate intracellular?

Definition

Replication:

Sexual and Asexual reproduction

Immunocompetant: Self-limiting diarrhea

Immunocompromised:

Explosive/Perfuse diarrhea

Severe fluid and weight loss->Death

Infectious Form: oocysts

Obligate Intracellular*

Term

What can Cyclospora and cryptosporidium be stained with?

Which is treatable?

Definition

Acid fast stain

Cyclospora is treatable

 

Term

What are the key features of Microsporidium?

How does the Microsporidiosis infection of Enterocytozon beneusi and Encephalitozoan intestinalis manifest differently?

Definition

Key Features

Obligate intracellular fungi

Polar tubule for Harpooning

Manifestations(opportunistic):

Enterocytozon beneusi:

Diarrhea and Acalculous cholecystitis

Encephalitozoan intestinalis:

Diarrhea-> Ocular, GU, Respiratory

Term
What is the major reservior of E. hystolitica and Balantidium coli
Definition

Histolytica: Humans

Balantidium: Pigs

Term

What is the presentation of balantidium coli infection?

What is the reservoir?

What can it be confused with?

What type of organism is it?

Definition

Diarrhea<-> Dysentery

Mostly affects diasbled people

Reservoir: Pigs

Confused with: Entamoeba Histolytica

Organism: Ciliate organism

Term

Where are oocysts of cryptosporidium found?

How can infection be prevented?

Definition

Found on any major water surface

Prevention: Boiling water for 1 min

Term

What are the cysts of Entamoeba histolitica resistant to?

How many trophozoites does a cyst produce?

Definition

Cysts

Heat tolerant(55 C)

Chlorine resistant

Acid Resistant

8 trophozoites per cyst

Term

What Protozoan parasite can cause:

Acalculous cholesistitis

Ocular/Respiratory/Urogenital Problems

Liver/Lung/Perciardial Abcesses

Definition

Acalculous Chol: Enterocytozoan benuesi(Microsporidia)

Ocular/Resp/GU: Encephalitozoan intestinalis(Microsporidia)

Liver/Lung/Pericardial: E. histolytica

Term

What is the infectious form of E. hystolytica?

What location do the trophozoite form predominate in humans?

Definition

Cysts

Large Bowel: causes tenesmus

Term
What are the infectious forms of each protozoan parasite?
Definition

E. hystolitica: Cyst

Giardia lamblia: Cyst

Cryptosporidium: Oocyst

Cyclospora: Oocyst

Microsporidium: Spores

Balantidium coli: Cyst

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