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GI-1 Overview
N/A
20
Medical
Graduate
01/17/2012

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Cards

Term
List broad function:
Liver
Pancreas
Definition
Secretion of bile, storage of nutrients, plasma proteins, clotting factors, detox, phagocytosis
Buffers and digestive enzymes by exocrine cells, hormones by endocrine cells
Term
List broad function:
Small GI
Large GI
Definition
Enzymatic digestion and absorption of water, organic substrates, vitamins, and ions; host defense
Dehydration and compaction of indigestible material, resorption of water and electrolytes; host defense
Term
What are organs separated by?
Definition
sphincters
Term
Epithelial secretions do 3 things:
Definition
lubricate, protect, and digest
Term
musculature is used for 2 things:
Definition
locomotion and mixing
Term
intrinsic nerve plexus regulate 2 things:
Definition
GI secretions & motility
Term
List layers of duodenum wall:
(Lumen -> Serosa)
Definition
Mucosa: epithelium -> lamina propria -> muscularis mucosae
Submucosa
Muscularis externa: circular muscle, longitudinal muscle
Serosa
Term
The GI tract composes of smooth muscle, except in 3 places:
Definition
mouth, upper esophagus, and external anal sphincter
Term
Which layer is the myenteric plexus found in?
What is the myenteric plexus responsible for?
Definition
Muscularis externa
motility
Term
Which layer is the submucosal plexus found in? What is the submucosal plexus responsible for?
Definition
Between submucosa and muscularis externa secretion
Term
Which layer are the roots of glands found in?
What 2 things do they secrete?
Definition
submucosa
mucous and buffer
Term
How many hours after eating is blood flow increased to the GI tract? Why?
Definition
3-6 hours
for absorption
Term
Which circulation encases the intestines?
Definition
splanchnic circulation
Term
The first pass effect describes what?
Definition
Blood flows from the intestines to the liver via the portal vein
Term
The majority of fat bypasses the liver via the?
Definition
Lymph ducts
Term
How many liters of fluid must the GI tract absorb each day?
Definition
9-10 liters
Term
Borborygmi
Definition
sound of fluids and gases moving
Term
What is the pH of chyme and stomach acid?
Definition
~7.0 and 1.3
Term
How do parasympathetics effect digestion?
Give 2 examples of PNS input?
Definition
Promotes digestion
vagal regulation of transverse colon & pelvic nerves to anus
Term
How do sympathetics effect digestion?
Give 3 examples of SNS input?
Definition
slows or stops digestion
post-ganglionic adrenergic fibers from celiac, mesenterics, and hypogastric plexus
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