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G. Green
Minerals
27
Science
7th Grade
01/08/2014

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Cards

Term
What is a mineral?
Definition
A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms
Term
How many elements occur naturally in the Earth's crust?
Definition
90
Term
What is the most common mineral?
Definition
Silicates
Term
What does silicates contain?
Definition
silicon and oxygen
Term
What is mineral appearance?
Definition
Color and texture
Term
What is hardness?
Definition
How hard a mineral is
Term
What is the scale that measures hardness?
Definition
Mohs scale
Term
What is the hardest mineral in mohs scale?
Definition
Diamond-10
Term
What is the softest mineral in mohs scale?
Definition
Talc-1
Term
What is mohs scale?
Definition
Measures hardness of a rock from 1-10
Term
What is luster?
Definition
Ability to reflect light
Term
specific gravity
Definition
one of the seven properties of minerals
Term
What is streak?
Definition
Powered color of mineral
Term
What is cleavage?
Definition
How a mineral breaks along a plane
Term
What is fracture?
Definition
Mineral breaks irregularly.
Term
What two characteristics make a mineral a gem?
Definition
Beautiful and rare
Term
What is an ore?
Definition
Deposit in which a mineral exists in a large enough amounts to be mined at a profit
Term
Give three examples of ore
Definition
Bauxite-aluminum ore
Magnetite-iron ore
Hermatite- iron ore
Term
What is smelting?
Definition
Smelting is when aluminum oxide powder is converted to molten aluminum
Term
What is a ''blood diamond?''
Definition
Diamonds that originate from areas controlled by forces or factions opposed to legitimate and internationally recognized governments and are used to fund military action in opposition to those governments.
Term
In what form are these diamonds sold or traded?
Definition
Rough form meaning they have recently been extracted and not yet cut.
Term
At one time, what percent of the world's diamond production was represented by blood or conflict diamonds?
Definition
4%
Term
Why are these conflict diamonds bad?
Definition
They are illegally traded to fund conflict in war-torn areas and men, women, and children are used as slaves to extract diamonds.
Term
What was the purpose of the Kimberley process?
Definition
To discuss ways to stop the trade in conflict diamonds and ensure that diamond purchases were not funding violence.
Term
What is the requirement of the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme?
Definition
Certify that all rough diamond exports are produced through legitimate mining and sales activities and are ''conflict-free.''
Term
Why has this scheme not worked as well as they had hoped?
Definition
Because of a lack of political will among member states.
Term
What is the problem in Zimbabwe?
Definition
They are operated by military-run syndicates who beat or kill miners who don't mine for them or pay bribes.
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