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Geriatrics Exam 1
Chapters 1-5
72
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
09/13/2011

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Term
Geriatrics
Definition
Medical care of the aged
Term
Gerontological nursing
Definition
a specialty within nursing practice where the clients are older persons
Term
Young Old
Definition
ages 65-74
Term
Middle old
Definition
ages 75-84
Term
Old-old
Definition
ages 85+
Term
AD
Definition
Term
Old-old
Definition
ages 85+
Term
Adverse Event
Definition
An injury resulting from a medical intervention
Term
ADR
Definition
Adverse Drug Reaction - Any noxious effect of a drug
Term
At Risk
Definition
An event in which the person is more likely than not to develop a disease.
Term
Comorbidity
Definition
an additional incidence of disease that occurs with another disease
Term
Frail
Definition
A condition or state of a person who has functional decline and/or is based on several specific physiological parameters
Term
Geriatric Syndrome
Definition
One or more symptoms with high prevalance in geriatrics, multiple diseases and multiple risk factors.
Term
Iatrogenesis
Definition
"brought forth by a healer". state of ill health or adverse event, nosocomial cascade. Increases more severe effects on health of pt. brought on by medical intervention applied to solve the previous 1.
Term
Social Gerontology
Definition
concerned w/ social aspects of aging. Seeks to know how biological aging influences social aspects of aging
Term
Geropsychology
Definition
helping older people & families maintain well-being, overcome problems, & achieve max potential during later life
Term
Geropharmacology
Definition
study of pharmacology as it relates to older adults
Term
Financial Gerontology
Definition
Combination of financial planning and services with a special expertise in the needs of older adults.
Term
Gerontological Nursing as a subfield of gerontology
Definition
Involves nurses advocating for the health of older persons at all levels of prevention.
Term
Gerontological Rehabilitation Nursing
Definition
Assists older adults to regain and maintain the highest level of function and independence possilbe. Combo of gerontological nursing & rehabilitation
Term
factors in development of attitudes towards aging & aged
Definition
family, friends, neighbors, media & personal experience w/ older adults. A product of environment and experiences exposed to.
Term
Geri-Nurse Role: Provider of Care
Definition
direct, hands-on care. Incl. knowledge of risk factors, s&s, usual medical treatment, rehab, & end of life care.
Term
Geri-Nurse Role: Teacher
Definition
teaching on modifiable risk factors & health promotion
Term
Geri-Nurse Role: Manager
Definition
balances concerns of pt. family, nursing & rest of interdisciplinary team. Skilled in leadearship, time management, blding relationships, communications and managing change
Term
Geri-Nurse Role: Advocate
Definition
acts on their behalf to promote their best interest, strengthen autonomy & decision making. Empower to remain independent & retain dignity.
Term
Geri-Nurse Role: Research Consumer
Definition
put into practice results of reliable & valid studies; to improve quality of care in best methods poss.
Term
Other Geri-Nurse Roles
Definition
Counselor, Case Manager, Coordinator of Services, Collaborator, Geriatric Care Manager
Term
Geri-Nurse Scope of Practice-
ANA Normal Standards: (ADOPIE)
Definition
Assessment, diagnosis, Outcome identification, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation.
Term
Geri-Nurse Scope of Practice-
Gerontological: (QP,REC,REC)
Definition
Quality of Care, Performance appraisals,

Research, Education, Collegiality,

Research Utilization, Ethics, Collaboration
Term
ANCC (American Nurses Credentialing Center) offers 2 advanced practice cert. exams. what are they?
Definition
GCNS-BC (clinical specialist in Gen Nursing.

GNP-BC (Geri-Nurse Practitioner)
Term
AACN Essential Core Competencies
Definition
Critical Thinking
Communication
Assessment
Technical Skills
Term
Acute Care Hospital
Definition
"Point of Entry" Focus on acute problems. Inpatient care is to promote recovery and prevent complications
Term
Acute Rehabilitation
Definition
Subacute care: transitional care and long-term care facilities. Goal: maximize independence & function, prevent complications, promote quality of life w/in one's strengths and limitations. MUST BE ABLE TO TOLERATE 3 HOURS OF THERAPY PER DAY
Term
Home Health Care
Definition
For homebound due to severity of illness or immobility. Must be ordered by Doc & pt. must be considered homebound.
Term
Long-term Care Facility
Definition
Folks of any age have lost some or all of their capacity for self-care due to illness, disability, or dementia. Residents require 24-hr nursing care. We maintain functional & nutritional status; prevent compl. of impaired mobility.
Term
Skilled Nursing Facilities
Definition
More intensive than long-term care. Usually specially designated units w/in long-term care facilities. Typical: non-healing wounds, chronic vent dependence, renal prob, IV therapy, coma management, complex med/rehab prob
Term
Alzheimer's Care
Definition
Specialized units. Goal: preserve functional status fostering self-worth & socialization
Term
Hospice
Definition
holistic, interdisciplinary care that helps 'em "live until they die." Pain management & comfort care standard base treatment
Term
Respite Care
Definition
Provides caregivers w/ temporary, intermittent, substitute care allowing for a BREAK
Term
Respite Care
Definition
Provides caregivers w/ temporary, intermittent, substitute care allowing for a BREAK
Term
Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC)
Definition
Continuum of care from independent living to skilled care
Term
Most frequently occurring conditions of elderly in 2005?
Definition
Hypertension (48%)
Arthritis (47%)
Heart Disease
Cancer
Diabetes
Term
Assisted Living
Definition
alternative for those who don't feel safe living alone, wishing to live in a community setting, or need help w/ ADLs
Term
Green House Concept
Definition
Conceived by Dr. William Thomas. Helps w/ ADLs & clinical care w/o it being the focus of existence. Clusters of houses w/ 8-10 residents in each.
Term
percentage of Americans 65+
Definition
1/8 or 12.4%
Term
# of elderly Americans in 2005 by gender
Definition
21.6 million women (42% married)

15.7 million men (72% married)
Term
median income for 65+ whites
Definition
$39,000
Term
Major source of income for elderly
Definition
Social Security
Term
Poverty Rate for elderly?

Elderly Men

Elderly Women
Definition
Elderly in general: 9.4%
Elderly Men: 6.6%
Elderly Women: 11.5%

Those living alone are poorer than those living w/ families.
Term
African Americans
Definition
Twice as likely as whites to have diabetes. Men have higher rates of lung and prostate cancer.
Term
African Americans
Definition
Twice as likely as whites to have diabetes. Men have higher rates of lung and prostate cancer.
Term
Hispanics
Definition
Less likely to obtain preventive services. Top 5 killers: heart disease, cancer, stroke, COPD, & pneumonia/flu.
Term
Asians & Pacific Islanders
Definition
Live longer. Top 5 killers: heart disease, cancer, stroke, COPD & pneumonia/flu.
Term
American Indians & Alaskan Natives
Definition
2.5 times more likely to get diabetes. Heart disease is leading cause of death due to a rise in risk factors
Term
7 Sociological Theories of Aging
Definition
Activity, Disengagement, Subculture, Continuity, Age stratification, Person-Environment-Fit, Gerotranscendence
Term
5 Psychological Theories of Aging
Definition
Human needs, Individualism,
Stages of personality development
Life-course/lifespan development
Selective optimization w/ compensation
Term
Successful Aging- Psychosocial:
Definition
acceptance of death, life, satisfaction, feelings of well-being.
Term
Successful Aging- Biomedical:
Definition
avoidance of disease and disability
Term
Successful Aging- An achievement of:
Definition
a sense of autonomy, dignity, and absence of suffering.

an adaptive process. social function and feelings of well-being valued more than physical & psychosocial well-being.
Term
Secrets of Aging
Definition
Everything in moderation, regular exercise, strong relationships, ability to deal w/ stress, fewer chronic diseases, no smoking, little to no alcohol, Always have something to look Forward to.
Term
Biological Theories of Aging- Stochastic:
Definition
Free radical theory
Orgel/error theory
Wear & Tear theory
Connective tissue/cross-linked theory
Term
Biological Theories of Aging- Nonstochastic:
Definition
Programmed theory
Gene/biological clock theory
Neuroendocrine theory
Immunological theory
Term
Nursing Theories of Aging
Definition
Functional consequences theory
Theory of thriving
Term
Process of Aging from a Psychosocial view:
Definition
behavior, personality and attitude change. Development viewed as a lifelong process characterized by transitions.
Term
Process of Aging from a Biological view:
Definition
Physiologic process changes w/ aging. molecular level in cells, tissues & body systems. Body-mind interaction. biochemical processes. Chromosomal impact on overall process.
Term
Cognitive Changes
Definition
decline in info processing speed, divided attention, sustained attention, visuospatial task abilities, & short-term memory
Term
psychological changes
Definition
reported levels of satisfaction are similar to those of younger adults
Term
Sensorimotor changes- Vision:
Definition
Lense yellows. can't distinguish green/blue.
Pupils don't dilate completely = dim light difficulty. Decrease in amount of light hitting retina.
Poor acuity/clarity- ability to identify objects at a distance declines
Presbyopia "old eyes" can't focus close up
Term
Hearing
Definition
conductive probs, sensorineural probs, presbycusis. Lose sensitivity to pitch w/ high frequency consonants. poor word recognition.
sound waves blocked from outer canal to inner ear.
wave transmission interrupted from inner ear to cortex of brain=damage to cochlea &/or auditory nerve.
Term
Presbycusis
Definition
4th ranked chronic disability in older adults. Hearing high-pitched tones and a decrease in speech discrimination
Term
Speech and Language
Definition
Decreased Respiration, increased mucus, decreased saliva, tooth-loss, decreased elasticity & muscle tone. = Shaky, breathy voice, throat clearing, articulation/semantic errors.
Term
Touch changes
Definition
reduction in # of receptors, blood flow, tactile & vibration sensation, sensitivity to warm and cold stimuli
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