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Geog. 1710 Exam 2 (Ch. 7)
Ch. 7 Review Questions
34
Science
Undergraduate 1
10/22/2012

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Term
TRUE/FALSE?
Pure water rarely occurs in nature because it is a good solvent.
Definition
True
Term
Human body contains __% water.
Definition
70%
Term
Water has a density of...
Definition
1.0g/cm(^3)
Term
Water covers approximately __% of Earth's surface.
Definition
71%
Term
Outgassing is...
Definition
the process by which water and water vapor emerge from layers deep within and below the crust.
Term
The largest portion of fresh water today is located in...
Definition
ice sheets and glaciers.
Term
Earth's oceans possess...
Definition
ninety-seven percent of Earth's waters
Term
Other than ice sheets and glaciers, the largest repository of fresh water is located in...
Definition
groundwater.
Term
As a result of _______ ________, water molecules bind tightly to one another.
Definition
hydrogen bonding
Term
Hydrogen bonding results from the fact that...
Definition
the hydrogen end of a water molecule is positively charged and the oxygen end is negatively charged.
Term
The term deposition refers to...
Definition
water vapor freezing to ice.
Term
Latent heat is...
Definition
the heat energy involved in the change of phase.
Term
When water condenses, it _____ heat energy and ____ the surrounding air.
Definition
releases; heats
Term
Which phase change decreases the temperature of the air?
Definition
Ice to water (solid to liquid)
Term
In winter, freezing water can break pipes and even crack engine blocks. How?
Definition
Water expands in volumes as it freezes.
Term
Humidity is...
Definition
water vapor in the atmosphere.
Term
Relative humidity is...
Definition
the amount of water vapor in the air at a given temperature expressed as a percentage of the water vapor capacity of the air.
Term
The capacity of the air to hold water vapor is basically a function of...
Definition
the temperature of both the air and the water vapor.
Term
A mass of air always becomes saturated when it reaches the...
Definition
dew-point temperature.
Term
A sling psychrometer has two thermometers, one is called ___ ____ and the other is called ___ ____.
Definition
wet bulb; dry bulb
Term
The following are used to measure relative humidity...
Definition
hair hygrometers and sling psychrometers.
Term
The greater the difference in temperature between the wet bulb and dry bulb on a sling psychrometer, the ____ the air is and the ___ the relative humidity.
Definition
drier; lower
Term
The smaller the difference in temperature between the wet bulb and dry bulb on a sling psychrometer, the ____ the air is and the ___ the relative humidity.
Definition
wetter; closer the air temperature is to dew-point
Term
Stability refers to...
Definition
the tendency of a parcel of air to either remain in place or change its initial position.
Term
An air parcel is considered unstable when it...
Definition
continues to rise until it reaches an altitude at which the surrounding air has a similar temperature.
Term
Atmospheric conditions are unstable when...
Definition
the environmental lapse rate is greater than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
Term
Atmospheric conditions are stable when...
Definition
the environmental lapse rate is greater than the moist adiabatic lapse rate.
Term
Atmospheric conditions are conditionally unstable when...
Definition
the environmental lapse rate is greater than the moist adiabatic lapse rate AND less than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
Term
Regarding rising air, in which dew-point temperature has been reached, the air is...
Definition
simultaneously being cooled by expansion and heated by condensation.
Term
The condensation process requires...
Definition
condensation nuclei and saturated air.
Term
The wet adiabatic lapse rate is ___ than the dry adiabatic lapse rate because...
Definition
less; condensation heats the air.
Term
Collision-coalescence process is...
Definition
the principal process for raindrop formation in tropical warm clouds.
Term
Four cloud types classified by altitude are...
Definition
low, middle, high, and vertically developed.
Term
Three cloud types classified by form are...
Definition
cirroform, stratiform, and cumuliform.
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