Term
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Definition
| -Upper part of brain consisting of two hemispheres and structures that connect them. |
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Term
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Definition
~Outer covering, densley packed neurons
-Invoved higher thought process
-and intepretation of sensory input |
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Term
Why is the Cortex wrinkled?
And what is that called? |
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Definition
-The Cortex is wrinkled so it can fit inside the brain.
-The wrinkling fo the Cortex is called CORTICALIZATION. |
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Term
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Definition
| -Allows larger number of cortical cells to exist in a small space inside skull |
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Term
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Definition
| -Two sections of the cortex (LEFT and RIGHT) |
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Term
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Definition
| -Thick band of neurons connects right and left-->COMMUNICATION |
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Term
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Definition
-One of the four lobes of the brain
-LOCATION: Rear bottom
-FUNCTION: Vision, processes visual info
-Visual area
-Visual association area
-SYMPTOMS: Go Blind |
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Term
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Definition
-One of the four lobes of the brain
-FUNCTION: Processes info from skin and internal body receptors.
OR
-Senses touch, temp, body positions, and possibly taste.
-Somatosensory area
-Somatosensory association area
-SYMPTOMS: Spatial Neglect |
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Term
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Definition
-One of the four lobes of the brain
-LOCATION: Lower Center Portion
-FUNCTIONS: Hearing and understanding meaningful speech.
-Primary auditory area
-Auditory association area
-WERNICKE'S AREA
-SYMPTOMS: Deaf or No Understanding of what you hear |
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Term
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Definition
-LOCATION: Front and Top
-Functions: Higher mental processing like decision making and PERSONALITY, problem solving,storage, and memory
-Motor Area
-Broca's Area
-SYMPTOMS: Pesonality change, Problems with memory, thinking and decision making |
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Term
| MOTOR CORTEX (MOTOR AREA) |
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Definition
-Back Frontal Lobe
-Is largely responsible for voluntary body movements.
-Controls voluntary muscles
-Sends motor commands to muscles of somatic N.S |
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Term
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Definition
| -Processes visual information |
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Term
| VISUAL ASSOCIATION CORTEX |
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Definition
| -Identifies and makes sense of visual information |
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Term
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Definition
-Area of neurons running across the front
-Front 4 Parietal Lobe
-Sensation |
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Term
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Definition
| -Processes auditory information |
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Term
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Definition
-A brain based language problem
*NOT A MOTOR PROBLEM JUST A BRAIN PROBLEM! |
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Term
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Definition
-Damage hear leads to Broca's Aphasia
-LOCATION: Frontal Lobe
-SYMPTOMS: Understands what is being said, but can't generate an answer
*Broca CAN NOT communicate with pen and paper |
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Term
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Definition
| -Responsible for coordination and interpretation of information, and higer mental processing. |
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Term
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Definition
-Damage here leads to Wernicke's Aphasia
-LOCATION: Left Temporal Lobe
-Unable to understand speech
-Can not produce MEANINGFUL language,can string together and pronouce words, but MEANINGLESS.
*just blabs on and on and makes no sense
*can still hear it just can't understand it |
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Term
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Definition
-Condition produced by damage to the associaton areas of the RIGHT hemisphere.
-Result an inability to recognize objects of body parts IN THE LEFT VISUAL FIELD
-NEGLECT OF THE LEFT SIDE OF THE BODY/BRAIN AND COMPLETELY UNAWARE( THEY DON'T REALIZE) |
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Term
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Definition
-Study of patients with severed corpus callosum
-Involves sending messages to only one side of the brain
-Demostrates right and left brain specialization |
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Term
| LEFT SIDE OF THE BRAIN (LEFT HEMISPHERE) |
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Definition
-Control right side of body
*language and writing
*logical thoughts
*mathematical abilities
-Processes info sequentially
-Can speak |
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Term
| RIGHT SIDE OF BRAIN (RIGHT HEMISPHERE) |
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Definition
-Controls the left side of body
*controls emotional expressions
*spatial preception
-Spatial-->maps, how pieces fit together etc.
*recognition of faces, patterns,
-Processes info golbally
-Can not speak |
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Term
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Definition
-Relatively pemanent CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR DUE TO EXPERIENCE OR PRACTICE.
*Learning allows us to adapt and survive. |
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Term
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Definition
| -When people learn some part of brain is physically changed to record what was learned. |
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Term
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Definition
| -Shown by behavior change (one way to show) |
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Term
| CLASSICAL CONDITIONING (CC) |
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Definition
-One of the three types of Learning (Ch.5)
-Associate stimuli that occur together
-Think Automatic, Reflective, Involuntaty
*Outside of your control |
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Term
| OPERANT CONDITIONING (OC) |
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Definition
-One of the three types of Learning(Ch.5)
-Associate behavior with it's consequences.
-Rewards/Punishments
-Think VOLUNTARY
*Change your behavior choices that we make-->Voluntary |
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Term
| OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING (OL) |
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Definition
-Social learning theory
-Learn by watching
-Works with Classical and Operant
*Learn by watching other people |
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Term
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Definition
-EARLY 1900'S
-Russian Physiologist
-DISCOVERED CLASSICAL CONDITIONING |
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Term
| CLASSICAL CONDITIONING (CC) |
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Definition
-Learn to make a reflex response to a stimulus othe than the orginal, natural stimulus that produces the relex.
*Dog has LEARNED bell means food is coming. |
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Term
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Definition
means "unlearned", "natural occurring" or "automatic"
*something you don't have to teach b/c it happens automatically |
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Term
| UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS (UCS) |
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Definition
-Natural trigger
-Stimulus that leads to the involuntary response NATURALLY (food) |
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Term
| UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE (UCR) |
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Definition
-Natural (automatic) effect
-Involuntary (automatic) response to the UCS (salivate)
*If air is blown in your eye and you blink--> the air is the UCR and the blinking is the UCS* |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| CONDITIONED STIMULUS (CS) |
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Definition
-Learned trigger
-Stimulus (ONCE NEUTRAL)that triggers reflex response after it's paired with the UCS (BELL) |
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Term
| CONDITIONED RESPONSE (CR) |
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Definition
-Learned effect
-Learned response to conditioned stimulus
*same behavior as the UCR* |
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Term
| THE FOOR PRINCIPLES OF CC |
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Definition
1.ORDER- CS must come before UCS
(Bell must come before meat)
2.TIMING- CS+UCS must be close
(hopefully just few sec apart)
3.AMOUNT- CS+UCS must be paired many times to learn
4.DISTINCT- CS must stick out from the background. |
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Term
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Definition
-When stimuli SIMILAR to CS elicit the CR
-Greater similarity, stronger CR
*Little Albert experiment-->he became afraid fo the Santa Face b/c it looked close enough to the white rat that produced the fear! |
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Term
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Definition
-Occurs when a CR decreases in frequency and eventually disapears
-must END the association between the CS+US to get the extintion. |
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Term
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Definition
-The reemergence of an estinguished CR after a period of rest and with no further conditioning.
-Explains why it's SO difficult to overcome drug addictions |
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