Term
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Definition
volatile liquid, slow onset and recovery.
Adv effects: Reduction of Cardiac output and BP, decr respiratory ventilation, bronchodilation, postop nausea, halothane hepatitis (rare but incr risk after multiple exposures) |
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Term
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Definition
Volatile liquid (halogenated ether), medium onset and recovery. CO well maintained.
Adv effects: decr resp ventilation, bronchodilation, postop nausea/vomiting, decr GFR, decr BP. |
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Term
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Definition
Volatile liquid, rapid onset and recovery. Cardiac output maintained.
Adv effects similar to Isoflurane. |
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Term
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Definition
Gas, rapid onset and recovery. Inhibits NMDA receptors. Can not be used for surgical anesthesia. Negligible effects on cardiac output, no resp depression.
Adv effects: postop nausea, megaloblastic anemia (after prolonged exposure), risk of spontaneous abortion |
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Term
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Definition
batbituate (incr effect of GABA on GABAa receptors). No effect on skeletal muscle tone or autonomic reflexes.
Adv effects: dose dependent decr in CO and BP. Decr resp ventilation. Postop nausea, P450 induction, anaphylactiod rxn due to histamine release |
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Term
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Definition
Incr effect of GABA on GABAa receptors. Negligible inhibition of autonomic reflexes and SkM tone.
Adv effects: decr in BP and ICP, depression of resp center, rare propofol infusion syndrome (metabolic acidosis, hyperlipidemia, rhabdomyolsis)
Decreases nausea/vomiting |
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Term
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Definition
Incr effect of GABA on GABAa receptors. Negligible inhibition of autonomic reflexes and SkM tone. HR and CO maintained. Minimal effect on resp.
Adv effects: postop nausea (strongest effect of all the drugs) |
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Term
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Definition
Blocks NMDA glutamate receptors (similar to PCP).
Dissociative anesthesia
Incr HR, CO, and BP. No effect on resp. Causes dissociative amnesia.
Used in high risk patients with shock or in low doses with other anesthetics to avoid resp depression.
Adv effects: incr BP and ICP, postop nausea/vomiting, incr SkM tone, postop hallucinations, Flash-backs weeks later. |
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Term
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Definition
(Midazolam) Incr effects of GABA on GABAa receptors. Does not cause complete unconsciousness. Reduces SkM tone, negligible effect on resp/cardiac output, rare postop nausea/vomiting, slow recovery.
Used as adjunct to inhaled anesthetics and preanesthetic.
Adv effects: enhances cardio/resp depression of other drugs |
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Term
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Definition
(Fentanyl) Used as preanesthetic to decr anticipatory anxiety, with N2O in cardiac surgery, or to provide pain relief during anesthesia. Moderate to no effects on CO.
Adv effects: postop recall of events, resp depression, postop nausea/vomiting, incr SkM tone. |
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