Term
non-nutritive sweeteners
and why are they beneficial? |
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Definition
Sacchrin
Apartene
Sucralose
Neotame
Acesulfame
Tagatose
yield little calories |
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Term
Type 1 diabetes
What happens?
when does it occur?
how does it occur? |
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Definition
Dont produce enough insulin
occurs in late childhood
Genetically linked
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Term
Type 2 diabetes
What happens?
when does it occur?
how does it occur? |
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Definition
insulin resistant
occurs in ppl <40
Genetically linked -> obesity |
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Term
| Treatment for Diabetes type 1 |
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Definition
| Insulin therapy and diet therapy |
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Term
| Treatment for Type 2 diabetes |
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Definition
Weight loss
oral meds
diet therapy
insulin |
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Term
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Definition
occurs 2-4 hours after eating
caused by overproduction of insulin in response to high blood glucose level |
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Term
Where does the chemical digestion of carbohydrates, protein and fat begin?
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Definition
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Term
| Whats the function of sphincter muscles? |
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Definition
| to close/ open to allow food to flow in/ out in one direction. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract. |
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Term
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Definition
| mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine |
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Term
| What does the GI systems do? |
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Definition
GI system breaks down particles of ingested food into molecular forms by enzymes (digestion) that are then transferred to the internal environment (absorption).
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Term
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Definition
Chews food
identifies food
starts to chemically break down starches |
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Term
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Definition
Lub with mucus
move food to stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| store, mix, dissolve, and continue digestion of food |
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Term
|
Definition
| produce bile to help fat digestion and absorption |
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Term
|
Definition
| release bile into the small intestine |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete enzymes for digesting carbohydrates, fats and proteins |
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Term
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Definition
propel contents
digest and aborb substances with enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
aborb Potassium, sodium, and water
form POOP |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the blood glucose response of a given food compared to standard |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of carbohydrates in a serving of food multiplied by the Glycemic index of that carb. then divided by 100 |
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Term
Recommended intake of fiber for men?
For women? |
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Definition
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Term
Fasting hypoglycemia
what is it and its cause? |
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Definition
blood glucose level drops
caused by pancreatic cancer |
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Term
|
Definition
allergic reaction to the protein gluten
Treatment: remove gluten from diet |
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Term
Where can ulcers occur?
cause? |
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Definition
can occur in the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine
cause: erosion of the tissue lining |
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Term
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Definition
| wave of muscle contractions that push the food down the GI starting from the esophagus onward |
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Term
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Definition
| in small intestine and are important for absorption |
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Term
| hormone that causes release of bile from gallbladder is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Lactose is found in what product? |
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Definition
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Term
| Main function of protein in the body is to... |
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Definition
| serve as a raw material to build tissue |
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Term
| The hormone Gastrin stimulates the release of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| digestion of proteins start in the...? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the immune system consist of? |
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Definition
skin
white blood cells
phagocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| require a carrier cell and energy to be moved to the absorption cells |
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Term
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Definition
nutrient concentration is higher in the cavity of the the small intestine than in the absorptive cells.
(high to low diffusion) |
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Term
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Definition
| compounds require a carrier protein to go into absorptive cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| storage form of glucose in animals |
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Term
| Enzyme involved in the digestion of fat |
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Definition
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Term
| Enzyme involved in the digestion of carbohydrates |
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Definition
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Term
| storage form of glucose in plants |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Enzyme involved in the digestion protein |
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Term
insoluble fiber
benefits?
where can it be found? |
|
Definition
prevents constipation
speeds up time
veggies, fruits, whole wheat grains |
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Term
|
Definition
takes longer more sugar absorbed
lowers cholesterol |
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Term
| what are the three sections of the small intestine? |
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Definition
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Term
glycogen:
what is it?
where is it stored? |
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Definition
| storage form of glucose in humans an is synthesized (+ stored) in the liver and muscles |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The order of which nutrients leave the stomach |
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Definition
Carbohydrates
Proteins
lipids/fat |
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Term
| the average person consumes how many grams of cars per/day |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A source of insoluble fiber |
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Term
| blood glucose response of a given food to a standard food which is usually glucose or white bread |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| a source of insoluble fiber |
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Term
| composed of branched chains of glucose molecules |
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Definition
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Term
| Disaccharide found in frain is |
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Definition
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Term
| How is liquid waste removed from the body? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| 1st stage: thinking, smelling, and seeing food |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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