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French revolution
Crossroads chapter 3 bc ss
32
Social Studies
9th Grade
12/13/2012

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Term
before the revolution, was france an absolute monarchy or a republic?
Definition
it was an absolute monarchy. king louis had complete power and control over france. Though there was a kind of parliament, called the estates general, the kin had the ultimate power.
Term
What is an absolute monarchy
Definition
where only the monarch (the king or the queen) rules the country; there is no parliament to represent the people.
Term
what is an republic
Definition
where a government makes decisions for its country's people; no authority of a king or queen.
Term
why was king louis XVI considered a weak king
Definition
he was not intrested in governing; he was only interested in lavishly spending the country's money while his own people were starving. he was ignorant of his country's problem, was disconnected from his people and did nothing to improve the weak economy wich held back profitable business
Term
who was king louis married to
Definition
marie antoinette from austria
Term
who were the aristocrats
Definition
the privileged upper class
Term
who were the bourgeoisie
Definition
the newly emerging middle class; an educated class of people ofted involved in business
Term
who were the philosophes
Definition
a new group of philosophers who had new ideas about society, democracy and science; women were a vocal part of this group.
Term
what were the economic causes leading to the french revolution
Definition
many crops were sold as cash crops for export, leaving less food for the locals -aristocrats paid few taxes, while the lower classes had to pay heavy taxes -the bourgeoisie had many obstacles to deveoping flouishing buinesses, like insane tolls and taxes on transport. a lack of buiness meant a lack of jobs in cities. the price of food, particulary bread, was high
Term
what were the politcal causes leading to the french revolution
Definition
the king rapidly depleted the french treasury with his out of control spending - the king was disinterested in the country's problem with buiness, jobs starvation. marie antoinette ruled the country more than her hsband, and used favoritism as her decision making the american revolution and the english revolution both abolished the absolute monarchy; now this notion was spreading to france
Term
what were the social causes leading to the french revolution
Definition
vast poverty and hunger lack of jobs. poor were taxed the heaviest. phillosophes and the bourghoisie began to question the competency of the king; they also believed int he concept of democracy. women were frustrated with the high price of bread
Term
what was the estates general
Definition
a kind of parliament wich existed prior to the revoultion; it met very infrequently and could be overruled by the king
Term
what were the 3 estates of the estates general
Definition
first estate the clergy (church)
second estate aristocrats (upper class)
third estate bourgeoisie (middle class)
Term
which 2 estates of the estates general voted as a block, giving them twice the votin power of the remainign estate
Definition
the first (clergy) and seconf (upper class) estates
Term
what was the national assembly
Definition
a new government that was formed when the third estate (the Bourgeoisie)became fustrated with their lack of power; they broke with the other estates to form a new government
Term
what was the tennis court Oath
Definition
when the third estate broke from the Estates general to form a new government it swore it would continue to meet until the new government actually was operational in France; this oath was taken in the tinnis court of the palace, as they now had no where to meet.
Term
this event officially marks the start to the revolution,where a mob attacked the royal prison to free political prisoners
Definition
the fall of the Bastille
Term
what was the declaration of the rights of man and citizen
Definition
a document that came out of the French Revolution which was a major step towards democracy; it guaranteed the rights and freedoms od the citizens and would limit the powers of the government
Term
what did the revolution do to feudalsm (serfs under the local lord)
Definition
it ended; everyone was now free to own a property
Term
what happened to the royal family as they attempted to flee france and escape australia
Definition
they were stopped near the border of australia (which they were fleeing), captured and imprisoned
Term
explain the interest of the 3 levels of revolutions: the radicals, the moderates, and the monarchists
Definition
the radicals: wanted France to be a repulic with no manarchy
the moderates: wanted frace to be a constitutional monarchy (a monarch sharing powers with a parliament)
the monarchists: wanted a monarchy(king or queen) to rule France
Term
who were the San Culottes
Definition
"those without puffy, short pants" (the pant worn by the upper class); they were the poor of the citties and were very radical and violant in the revolution; they resented that the bourgeoisie was getting more power in the revolution whjile the lower classes were getting nothin; they killed many who didnt seem "radical enough" about the revolution
Term
who were Marat, Danton and robespierre
Definition
the radical revolution leaders
Term
what was the National Convention
Definition
the new revolutionary government which replaced the king
Term
what happened to king louis and his wife
Definition
they were guillotined
Term
what was the reign of terror
Definition
an entire year where the new revolutionary government (the national convention) passed harsh intimidation laws; 37 000 guillotined during this year for suspicion of being against the revolution
Term
who was Robespeirre
Definition
the ruler of France after the death of the king; though he beleived in the democratic ideals of the revolution initially, he ultimately became a dictator; he also sent thousonds to the guillotine, though he initially did not beleive in capital punishment
Term
what eventually happened to Robespierre
Definition
the national convention (the new revolutionary government) gets worried that Robespeirre will start killing then off ,and decided that he needs to guillintined because he seems out of control
Term
what was the directory
Definition
the new governmenty formed after the death of Robespeirre; more of a voice given to middle class and those who one property in this government
Term
what is a democracy
Definition
government by the people (or their elected represenetives); every citizen has a voice in how there country is goverened
Term
why was France not considered a full democracy after the French Revolution
Definition
it was a step towards democracy, but it was not a full democracy; while new power was given to the middle class, the lower class still had no say in government
Term
True or False.did France become a republic after the Revolution
Definition
True; it was not ruled by a monarch.
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