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Fractures
JJC Vet Tech 117
23
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 1
03/05/2014

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Cards

Term
Causes of Fxs
Definition
-direct/indirect forces on bone
-pathologic
-stress/fatigue
Term
Parts to classifying a Fx:
Definition
-compound or simple
-bone affected
-location on the bone
-type of Fx
Term
Compound vs simple Fx
Definition
compound = open skin
simple = unbroken skin
Term
Another term for compact bone?
Definition
cortical bone
Term
fissure Fx
Definition
one or more fine cracks penetrate the bone; periosteal covering is usually intact
-caused by pressure/impact
Term
green-stick Fx
Definition
one side of the bone is broken, the other is bent
-primarily in young animals
Term
transverse Fx
Definition
occurs at right angles to the axis of the bone
Term
oblique Fx
Definition
line of the Fx is diagonal to long axis
-spiral is a type of oblique where Fx line is a curve
Term
comminuted Fx
Definition
splintered or fragmented into 3 or more pieces
-generally the same site on a bone and the Fxs are related
Term
multiple or segmented Fx
Definition
broken into 3 or more pieces but Fx lines do not meet at common point
-Fxs can be at different site on the bone
Term
avulsion Fx
Definition
fragment of bone which is the insertion site for tendon/ligament/muscle is detached as a result of a forceful pull
-typically knee/elbow
Term
physeal Fx
Definition
occurs at physis of young/growing animals
-aka Salter-Harris Fx
Term
Salter-Harris Fx
Definition
another name for physeal Fx
Term
reduction
Definition
replacement of fracture fragments in normal anatomic position
Term
closed reduction
Definition
aka external fixation; done without Sx and involves traction and manipulation of bones involved
Term
Examples of closed reduction:
Definition
cast, sling, Kirschner Ehmer (KE) apparatus
Term
open reduction
Definition
involves Sx to expose fracture site
Term
How can immobilization be achieved?
Definition
-splints
-casts
-KE apparatus
-IM pins
-cerclage wires
-bone screws and compression plates
Term
What type of reduction is particularly good for comminuted fractures?
Definition
KE apparatus
Term
On rads, widening of the cortex, thickening of the periosteum in dogs may indicate what?
Definition
panosteitis
Term
What type of IM pin should be used in cancellous bone?
Definition
threaded because it will grip better in spongy bone
Term
Disadvantage of threaded IM pins?
Definition
more expensive
Term
How to sterilize bolt cutters after cutting off an IM pin?
Definition
cold sterile
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