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FNU BBC lecture
Exam 3, part 2
46
Pathology
Graduate
11/21/2012

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Term
HTN is dx as elevated arterial BP greater than___________ systolic or ________ diastolic.
Definition
140 and 90
Term
Primary HTN is also known as
Definition
essential HTN
Term
Primary HTN is the
Definition
most common HTN
Term
___________ HTN is the most common source of injury
Definition
Systolic
Term
Primary HTN is considered a
__________ disease though _____________ and ___________ play a role.
Definition
idiopathic, genetics and environment
Term
Isolated systolic HTN most often occurs in individuals over
Definition
65yrs of age.
Term
Isolated systolic HTN occurs when systolic is pressure is greater than _______ and diastolic is less than _____
Definition
140 and 90
Term
Isolated systolic HTN is associated with an
Definition
increase pulse pressure
Term
Increased pulse pressure is related to
Definition
decreased vascular compliance of the large artery (aorta)
Term
Causes of Orthostatic hypotension include
Definition
altered body chemistry, prolonged immobility, starvation, exhaustion, volume depletion, and venous pooling
Term
All HTN is associated with a ________ organ.
Definition
target (end organ)
Term
Arteriosclerosis causes
Definition
abnormal thickening and hardening of the vessel walls
Term
Artherosclerosis is the most common form or
Definition
arteriosclerosis
Term
Artherosclerosis occurs due to __________ deposits of inttra-arteriole ____________ in the vessels
Definition
soft, fat and fibrin.
Term
Examples of artherosclerosis include
Definition
PAD and CAD ( leads to an MI)
Term
Refers to predictable chest pain that last 3-5mins and is relieved by rest or nitrates
Definition
Stable angina
Term
Stable angina is caused by
Definition
myocardial ischemia
Term
Vasospasms by plaques of the coronary artery
Definition
Prinzmetal angina
Term
Unpredictable pain that occurs almost exclusively at rest or at night during REM sleep.
Definition
Prinzmetal angina
Term
Unstable angina is
Definition
reversible myocardial ischemia
Term
Unstable angina (a type of Acute Coronary Syndrome) is a precurser for impedeing
Definition
MI
Term
Unstable angina is most dangerous when it occurs at
Definition
rest (leads to MI)
Term
Thoracic aneursyms can affect a person ability to
Definition
breath or swallow
Term
Rhuematic fever is caused by
Definition
Group A Beta hemolytic strept
Term
If rhuematic fever goes untx, a person can develop
Definition
rhuematic heart disease
Term
Rhuematic heart disease affects the
Definition
mitral valve
Term
What are some clinical manifestations observed in pt with rhuematic heart disease?
Definition
carditis, polyarthritis, chorea, erythema marninatum(very distanct skin lesions)
Term
In rhuematic heart disease, antigens are built and the immune response builds cross antigens which causes an
Definition
autoimmune response that inflames the heart muscle
Term
Burger's Disease is also known as
Definition
thromboangitis obliterans.
Term
An immune and inflammatory disease of the peripheral arteries
Definition
Burger's disease
Term
Burger's disease may be cured with
Definition
smoking cessation
Term
Arterial vasopasm in the fingers is
Definition
Raynaud's disease.
Term
CM of Raynaund's disease include
Definition
changes in skin color and sensation secondary to ischemia
Term
Arise from venous insufficiency
Definition
Venous Stasis Ulcer
Term
In venous stasis ulcers, tissue hypoxia leads to an inflammatory reaction in vessels that lead to
Definition
fibrosclerotic remodeling (causes the ulceration)
Term
The most common valve disorder seen in women
Definition
Mitral Valve prolapse
Term
Mitral valve prolapse is caused by
Definition
myxomotis (degeneration of the leaflet)
Term
The ______________elongates and the ________ stetches upwards during increased ventricle pressure for systole
Definition
cordae tendineae and cusps
Term
Mitral valve prolapse is thought to be
Definition
autosomal dominant or environmental
Term
Increased pressure causes the mitral valve to __________ into the atrium
Definition
prolapse
Term
With mitral valve prolapse, a _______ murmur and __________ click can be heard on auscultation.
Definition
regurgitant or midsystolic
Term
Stable angina will have ________ and _____ chest pain.
Definition
recurrent and predictable
Term
Pain with excercise is associated with
Definition
intermittant claudication
Term
Intermittant claudication is seen in
Definition
PAD
Term
In _____, the lower extremities are cool, hairless, have decreased pulses, and rubar color to feet.
Definition
PAD
Term
PAD is prevelant in pt with
Definition
Type I and II DM
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