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Final Tusini
Vocab Final
50
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
12/03/2014

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Achieved Status
Definition
This status comes to a person largely through their own efforts such as getting a higher education, getting a promotion or acquiring a talent.
Term
Alienation
Definition
Decreasing importance of social ties and community and the corresponding increase in impersonal associations.
Term
Anomie
Definition
State of normlessness that typically occurs during a period of profound social change and disorder.
Term
Anticipatory Socialization
Definition
Refers to the processes of socialization in which a person rehearses for future positions, occupations and social relationships.
Term
Ascribed Status Role
Definition
An assigned status to a person at birth by the society without regard for the person's unique talents or characteristics.
Term
Collective Behavior
Definition
Behavior that follows from the formation of a group or crown of people who take action together toward a shared goal.
Term
Conflict Theory/Perspective
Definition
Emphasizes the coersion and exploitation that underlies relations between groups. Social behavior is in a state of conflict and tension.
Term
Counter Culture
Definition
A subculture that deliberately opposes certain aspects of the larger culture.
Term
Cultural Relativity
Definition
The eveluation of a people's behavior from the perspective of their own culture.
Term
Culture
Definition
The totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects and behavior; values, and ideas.
Term
Demography
Definition
The scientific study of population.
Term
Deviance
Definition
Behavior that violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society.
Term
Ethic Group
Definition
Set apart from others primarily because of its national origins or distinctive cultural patters.
Term
Ethnocentrism
Definition
The tendency to assume that one's own culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others.
Term
Folk way
Definition
Norms that shape the daily behavior of members of a culture; violations of these, raises little concern.
Term
Generalized other
Definition
The attitudes, viewpoints, and expectations of society as a whole that child takes into account in his or her behavior.
Term
Institution
Definition
Organized patterns of beliefs and behaviors centered on basic social needs.
Term
Latent Function
Definition
The unconscious or unintended functions that may reflect hidden purposes of an institution.
Term
Law
Definition
Formaized norms; governmental social control.
Term
Looking- glass self
Definition
The self is the product of social interactions with other people.
Term
Manifest Function
Definition
The stated and conscious of an institution. The intended, recognized consequences of an aspect of society.
Term
Minority group
Definition
Members of a social group that is systematically denied the same access to power and resources available to society's dominant groups but who are not necessarily fewer in number than the dominant group.
Term
More
Definition
Deemed highly necessary norm to the welfare of society, because they embody the most cherished principles of a people.
Term

Norm

Definition

The established standards of behavior maintained by a society. It is widely shared and understood.

Term

nuclear family

Definition

A family consisting of a married man and woman, and their unmarried children living together.

Term

prejudice

Definition

A negative attitude toward an entire group.

Term

primary group

Definition

The small group characterized by intimate, face-to-face association and cooperation

Term

racism

Definition

The belief that one race is supreme and all others are inferior. Power is institutional or systemic or structural in form is used over time to keep "inferior" group down causing long term harms and long term rewards and privileges for the superior group.

Term

resocialization

Definition

The process of replacing previously learned norms and values with the new ones as a part of a transition in life.

Term

sanction

Definition

Penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm.

Term

secondary group

Definition

Refers to a formal, impersonal, group in which there is little social intimacy or mutual understanding.

Term

self-fulfilling prophecy

Definition

An inaccurate statement or belief that by altering the situation, becomes inaccurate; a prediction that causes itself to come true.

Term

significant other

Definition

Refers to individuals who are most important in the development of the self such as parents, friends, coworkers, etc

Term

social class

Definition

Refers to a group of people who have a similar level of wealth and income.

Term

social control

Definition

Techniques and strategies for preventing deviant behavior in any society.

Term

social mobility

Definition

The movement of individuals or gorups from one position in a society's stratification system to another position.

Term

social movement

Definition

Organized collective activities to bring about or resist fundamental change in an existing group or society.

Term

social structure

Definition

The way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships.

Term

socialization

Definition

The process of learning culture, which affects the basic attitudes, values, and behaviors of children.

Term

society

Definition

A fairly large number of people that live in the same territory and participate in a common culture

Term

sociological imagination

Definition

An awareness of the relationship between an individual and the wider society today and in the past.

Term

sociology

Definition

The scientific study of social behavior and human groups. 

Term

stratification

Definition

The division of society into groups arranged in a social hierarchy

Term

structural-functional theory

Definition

Thinking of society as an living organism in which each part of the organisim contributes to its survival. The way that the parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability.

Term

subculture

Definition

A segment of society that shares a distinctive pattern of customs, rules, and traditions that differs from the pattern of the larger society.

Term

symbolic interaction theory

Definition

An emphasis is placed on the shared understanding of everyday behavior.

Term

urbanization

Definition

Movement of increasing numbers of people from rural areas to the cities

Term

value

Definition

Collective conceptions of what is considered good, desirable and proper or bad, undesirable and improper.

Term

social role

Definition

A set of expectations for people who occupy a given social position or status.

Term

social inequality

Definition

Condition where whereby members of a society have unequal amounts of wealth, prestige and power.

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