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FINAL Terms
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68
Science
Undergraduate 2
12/13/2013

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Term
Antigen
Definition
the part of a pathogen that signals the immune system that an invader has entered
Term
Transcription
Definition
the process by which the information to create a protein is read and copied (DNA --> m-RNA)
Term
DNA Fingerprinting
Definition
the method by which someone can be identified by their DNA
Term
Viruses
Definition
small infection agents that replicate inside cells
Term
Gene
Definition
section of DNA that codes for protein
Term
Genetic Engineering
Definition
direct manipulation of an organism's genome
Term
Polypeptide
Definition
short amino acid chains
Term
Ribosome
Definition
organelle that produces proteins
Term
Primer
Definition
nucleotides that attach to sections of DNA,signaling where to start and stop the PCR
Term
Bacteriophage
Definition
viruses that attacks bacteria and is used to insert DNA
Term
Nucleotides
Definition
the 4 bases in DNA
Term
Miochondrion
Definition
organelle that provides energy for the cell
Term
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
organelle that has ribosomes on its surface
Term
Spit Kits
Definition
given to English traffic wardens to identify DNA
Term
Autoradiograph
Definition
plates of DNA fragments after they have been separated by size, if 4 match then sample matches original
Term
A. tumorfaciens
Definition
bacteria used for genetically engineered plants
Term
Nucleoid
Definition
where genetic material is stored in prokaryotic cells
Term
Ht
Definition
herbicide resistant engineering
Term
Protein
Definition
a string of amino acids connected by peptide bonds, make us function
Term

 

adhesion

Definition
the ability to stick to a surface
Term

 

AFM

Definition

 

the method to observe and move nanoparticles

Term

 

Argyria

Definition

 

a disease caused by too much silver in the tissues

Term

 

Auroshells

Definition

 

a nanotchnology used to detech tumors

Term

 

biogenic

Definition

 

the theory that plants long ago were chnaged by heat and pressure to create oil

Term

 

buckminsterfullerene

(bucky ball)

Definition

 

a hallow sphere consisting of 60 carbon atoms

Term

 

carbon nanotubes

Definition

 

carbon hexagons wrapped in a cylinder

Term

 

combustion

Definition
a chemical reaction that produces water, carbon dioxide and energy
Term

 

composite

Definition
a combination fo two materials that are intermixed
Term
contact angle
Definition
the degrees between a liquid and the surface it's on
Term
CVD
Definition
the most common method to make carbon nanotubes
Term
decarbonization
Definition
policy that promotes using fuels with a lower carbon to hydrogen ratio
Term
energy density
Definition
the ratio of energy obtained to energy used
Term
feedstock
Definition
raw material input into a process
Term
fission
Definition
the process whereby neutrons split apart a large atom to produce energy
Term
fracking
Definition
the process by which natural gas is removed from shale
Term
fusion
Definition
deuterium and tritium combine to produce energy
Term
generator
Definition
part of a power plant that spins to produce electricity
Term
heliostat
Definition
a device that includes a plane mirror which turns so as to keep reflecting sunlight toward a predetermined target, compensating for the sun's apparent motions
Term
hydrocarbons
Definition
fossil fuels are made of this
Term
hydrophilic
Definition
a term for something that attracts or is attacted by water
Term
hydrophobic
Definition
something that detracts water
Term
lotus effect
Definition
a term for something super hydrophobic that exhibits self-cleaning tendencies
Term
magic sand
Definition
a superhydrophobic substance that does not dissolve in water
Term
methane
Definition
the major componenet of natural gas
Term
nanofilm
Definition
used to coat sunglasses
Term
nanonose
Definition
measures toxic molecules from the lungs to detect cancer
Term
nanoscale
Definition
the classification for objects between 1 and 100 nm
Term
nanosponge
Definition
used to clean up oil spills
Term
nanotech yarn
Definition
used to make artifical muscles
Term
nanotubes
Definition
used as an air purifier
Term
octane
Definition
the hydrocarbon that makes up gasoline
Term
photon
Definition
unit of light
Term
potential energy
Definition
energy caused by a change in elevation
Term
pulverize
Definition
to crush into tiny bits
Term
quantum dots
Definition
florescent nanoparticls used for diagnosis
Term
rocky flats
Definition
where operation desert glow took place
Term
scanning probe microscope
Definition
a method to observe and move nanoparticles
Term
shale
Definition
rock that contains natural gas
Term
structural hierarchy
Definition
biomimetic strategy involving complex structures on various length scales
Term
subcritical
Definition
if 100 neutrons produced in one generation of nuclear reastions react and produce 90 neutrons
Term
superhydrophobic
Definition
the term for something that has a contact angle of greater than 150
Term
syngas
Definition
a combination of carbon monoxide and hydrogen
Term
tririum
Definition
hydrogen with two extra neutrons
Term
turbine
Definition
steam is sent here so that it can spin
Term
uracil
Definition
what adenine base pairs with
Term
yucca mountain
Definition
the proposed storage facility for used fuel rods
Term
zcote
Definition
an invivisble sunscreen
Term
zelen fullerene
Definition
cosmetics using carbon particles
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