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Final Review - Ch. 7, Thinking, Language, Intelligence
Essentials for Understanding Psychology, Feldman
16
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
06/20/2013

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Cards

Term
Algorithms
Definition
rules that ALWAYS provide a solution
Term
Heuristics
Definition
shortcuts or strategies that MAY provide a solution
Term
Three Steps of Problem Solving

PPJ
Definition
(1) Preparation - understanding and diagnosing problems

(2) Production - generating solutions

(3) Judgment - evaluating solutions
Term
Divergent Thinking
Definition
produces different and diverse kinds of responses
Term
Convergent Thinking
Definition
produces more commonsense kinds of responses
Term
Major Approaches to Language Development

* Compare and Contrast *
Definition
Learning Theory

Nativist

Interactionist
Term
Major Approaches to Language Development

* Learning Theory *
Definition
language acquisition follows the principles of reinforcement and conditioning
Term
Major Approaches to Language Development

* Nativist *
Definition
a genetically determined, innate mechanism directs language development
Term
Major Approaches to Language Development

* Interactionist *
Definition
language development is produced through a combination of genetically determined predispositions and environmental circumstances that help teach language
Term
Intelligence

* Gardner's Theory *
Definition
each individual has every kind of intelligence, but in different degrees
Term
Intelligence

* Traditional *
Definition
academic performance
Term
Intelligence

* Practical *
Definition
success in life
Term
Intelligence

* Emotional *
Definition
emotional skills
Term
Intelligence

* Formula for IQ Scores *
Definition
Alfred Binet
Ratio of mental age divided by chronological age, then multiplied by 100.

REMEMBER: actual calculation today is done in a more sophisticated manner.
Term
Intelligence

* Mental Retardation *
Definition
in most cases, there is no apparent biological deficiency, but there is a history of mental retardation in the family.
Term
Intelligence

* Difference in IQ Scores *
Definition
differences are much greater when comparing individuals than when comparing groups
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