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Final Questions Abdomen
550/600
24
Nursing
Graduate
06/23/2012

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Cards

Term

Congenital anomalies of bile ducts with cystic dilations of the extrahepatic biliary tree and/or intrahepatic biliary radicles

a) hydronephrosis

b) horseshoe kidney

c) choledochal cyst

d)meckels diverticulum

Definition
c) choledochal cyst
Term

Abnormal enlargment of kidney cause dby acute ureteral obstruction of chronic kidney disease

a) hydronephrosis

b) horseshoe kidney

c) choledochal cyst

d)meckels diverticulum

Definition
a) hydronephrosis
Term

Fusion of kidneys accross midline

a) hydronephrosis

b) horseshoe kidney

c) choledochal cyst

d)meckels diverticulum

Definition
b) horseshoe kidney
Term

Arises when proximal end of yold stalk does not fully detach from gut at the end of the 5th week and persists as diverticula of ileum

a) hydronephrosis

b) horseshoe kidney

c) choledochal cyst

d)meckels diverticulum

Definition
d) meckels diverticulum
Term

Lies immediatley below the right diaphragm and is the largest and heaviest organ in the body. Responsible for metabolizing carbohydrate, fats and protiens.

a) small intestine

b) large intesting

c) spleen

d) liver

Definition
d) liver
Term

Order of abdomen assessment

a) auscultation, palpation, percussion, inspection

b) inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation

c) inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation

d) none of the above

Definition
c
Term

Normal bowel sounds are 

a) 4-5 seconds

b) 30-40 min

c) 10-20 sec

d) 40 seconds

Definition
c) 10-20 seconds
Term

Infants with a two-vessel cord:

a) may have other congenital anomalies and should be fully evaluated by a pediatric specialist

b) are normal

c) need immediate resuscitation, they are missing an artery!

d) had a stroke

Definition
a) may have other congenital anomalies and should be fully evaluated by a pediatric specialis
Term

Umbilical cords usually detach by the 10t day of life but can take up to 

a) 3 weeks to slough off

b) six months

d) 3 months

 

Definition
a) 3 weeks to slough off
Term

Mom calls because baby ellie has stool coming from her umbilicus you tell her

a) not to worry because stool is supposed to come out there until 3 weeks of age

b) that this is called an omphalomesenteric duct remnant and she needs to go the ER immediatley

c) that she should come to the office for her vaccinations

d) that mom should put a bandaid over it and it will go away

Definition
b) that this is called an omphalomesenteric duct remnant and she needs to go the ER immediatley
Term

A wide bulging superior to the umbilicus is a common finding in children in whom the rectus abdominis muscles do not meet in the midline

a) abdominal hernia

b) diastasis rectus

c) ingunial hernia

d)dermatoid cyst

Definition
b) diastasis rectus
Term

When would a child need a referall for an unbilical hernia?

a) the opening is larger than the width of 2 fingers

b) the child is 5 years old

c) the child is 2 years old

d) a and b

Definition

a) the opening is larger than the width of 2 fingers

b) the child is 5 years old

Most will spontaneously close by the time the child is 3-4

Term

What is the most common umbilical mass?

a) dermatoid cyst

b) umbilical polyp

c) diastasis rectus

d) dermatoid polyp

Definition

a) dermatoid cyst

It appears as a firm, skincovered, non reducible mass that may have a slight discoloration and can be lobulated. Other cysts or an umbilical polyp should be refered to a pediatric surgeon.

Term

If an inguinal hernia can be reduced you should

a) tell the parent not to worry it will resolve on its own

b) give them a referral for elective surgery and repair

c)tell the parents to keep pushing it back in

 

Definition
b) If the bulge or herina can be reduced, referall is indicated for elective surgery and repair. 
Term

What is the most important technique in assessing the abodmoen and identifies areas of tenderness, masses, organomegaly, ascites, and signs of peritonitis. It should never be omitted:

a) auscultation

b) inspection

c) palpation

d) percussion

Definition
c) palpation
Term

You have an infant in your practice that is btw the ages of 3 weeks and 8 weeks with projectile, nonbilious vomiting may have:

a) an obstruction

b) pyloric stenosis

c) rectosigmoid color

d) cancer

Definition

b) pyloric stenosis

Examine the infant while the abodmen is relaxed and plapate the upper abdomen, slightly right of the midline for a firm, olive shaped mass. 

Term

If a child at your practice presents with consipation, a sausage shaped mass of stool may be palpated int eh left lower quadrant or int he midline below the umbilicus or:

a) small intestine

b) pyloric stenosis

c) rectosigmoid colon

Definition
c
Term

Hepatomeagly is suspected if the liver is ___ cm below the costal margin

a) 0.5

b) 1

c) 2

d) 3

Definition

d) 3

causes of an enlarged liver include infeciton, liver mass, storage disorders, biliary masses, intrahepatic vascular disease, or cardiac disease

Term

The spleen:

a) can always be palpated

b) should never be felt

c) can be felt in 5%-10% of children and slightly mobile

d) must be increased 2-3 times to be consistently palpable

Definition

c) can be felt in 5%-10% of children and slightly mobile

d) must be increased 2-3 times to be consistently palpable

An alternative technique in infants is to palpate teh spleet btw the thumb and forefinger of the right hand. If splenomeagly is supected and ultrasound shoudl be ordered

causes of splenomeagly include: infection, inflammation, blood dyscrasias, mass, or vascular and oncological conditions

Term
Common causes of abdominal pain in the infant/toddler
Definition

constipation

acute gastroenteritis

appendicitis

intussusception

abdominal mass

foreign body 

posionous ingestion

Term
common causes of pain in the school-age child
Definition

appendicits

constipation

urinary tract infection

acute gastroenteritis

beta stretococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis

lower lobe pneumonia

helicobacter pylori

abdominal mass

chrnoic abdominal pain

Term
common causes of abdominal pain in the adolescent
Definition

appendicits

lower lobe pneumonia

trauma

betastreptocccal pharyngitis/tonsillitis

inflammatory bowel disease

mass

henoch-schonlein purpura

mesenteric adenitis

blunt abdominal trauma

mononucleosis

superior mesentery artery syndrome

Term
common causes of abdominal pain in the female adolescent
Definition

UTI

Ovarian cyst (rupture)

Torsion of ovary

STDs

PID

ectopic pregnancy

Term
Common causes of abdominal pain in the male adolescent
Definition

Incarcerated hernia

testicular torsion

epididymitis

orchitis

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