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Final Exam drogas
drugs are bad mmkayy
106
Pharmacology
Graduate
12/04/2012

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Term
Lispro
Definition
Ultra Short Acting Insulin
Term
Aspart
Definition
Ultra Short Acting Insulin
Term
Glulisine
Definition
Ultra Short Acting Insulin
Term
Regular Insulin
Definition
Short Acting Insulin
Term
NPH Insulin
Definition
Intermediate Acting Insulin
Term
Glargine
Definition
Long Acting Insulin
Term
Detemir
Definition
Long Acting Insulin
Term
Pramlintide
Definition
Synthetic Amyline
Facilitates Insulin
*Hypoglycemia, SC
Term
Metformin
Definition
Insulin Sensitizer
Biguanide
AMPK
*Contraindications in GI, Kidney, Liver, Lung dz
Term
Rosiglitazone
Definition
TZD Insulin Sensitizer
*Risk for CAD, MI, Stroke
NOT for CHF
PPAR-y gene
Term
Pioglitazone
Definition
TZD Insulin Sensitizer
NOT for CHF
PPAR-y gene
Term
Glyburide
Definition
Insulin Secretagogue
2nd gen Sulfonlyurea
*Hypoglycemia, Teratogenic
BID
Term
Glipizide
Definition
Insulin Secretagogue
2nd gen sulfonylurea
*Hypoglycemia, Teragtogenic
BID
Term
Glimepiride
Definition
Insulin Secretagogue
3rd Gen sulfonylurea
*Lowest Hypoglycemia risk, teratogenic
QD
Term
Repaglinide
Definition
Meglitinide Insulin Secretagogue
hypoglycemia
short acting, take before meals
Term
Nateglinide
Definition
Meglitinide Insulin Secretagogue
*hypoglycemia
short acting, take before meals
Term
Exenatide
Definition
Incretin GLP-1 agonist
inject BID
Term
Liraglutide
Definition
Incretin GLP-1 agonist
QD injections
Term
Linagliptin
Definition
Incretin DPP-4 inhibitor
*WL, decreased hypoglycemia
oral, $$
Term
Saxagliptin
Definition
Incretin DPP-4 inhibitor
*WL, decreased hypoglycemia
oral, $$
Term
Sitagliptin
Definition
Incretin DPP-4 inhibitor
*WL, decreased hypoglycemia
oral, $$
Term
Miglitol
Definition
a-glucosidase inhibitor
*GI side effects
requires glucose tab
Term
Acarbose
Definition
a-glucosidase inhibitor
*GI side effects
requires glucose tab
Term
Quinidine
Definition
Class 1a antiarrhythmic
Anticholinergic, K channel blocker
*Torsades
Term
Procainamide
Definition
Class 1a antiarhythmic
anticholinergic, k channel blocker
*torsades
Term
Lidocaine
Definition
Class 1b antiarrhythmic
no k+ channel block
*emergency use
Term
Mexiletine
Definition
Class 1b antiarrhythmic
no k channel block
*emergency use
Term
Flecainide
Definition
Class 1c antiarrhythmic
no k channel block
slower acting than class b
Term
Ibultide
Definition
Class III antiarrhythmic
*Torsades
Term
Amioderone
Definition
Class III antiarrhythmic
Mixed action (1, 2, 3, 4)
*Adverse effects
Term
Sotalol
Definition
Class III antiarrhythmic
Mixed action (2,3)
Beta and K blocker
Term
Esmolol
Definition
Class II antiarrhythmic
Cardioselective B blocker
Term
Propanolol
Definition
Class II antiarrhythmic
Noncardioselective B blocker
Term
Verapamil
Definition
Class IV antiarrhythmic
Cardioactive CCB
Term
Diltiazem
Definition
Class IV antiarrhythmic
Cardioactive CCB
Term
Lidocaine
Definition
Short acting Amide anesthetic
most common in dentistry
Term
Mepivacaine
Definition
Intermediate acting amide anesthetic
Doesn't require vasoconstrictor
lowest pka
Term
Prilocaine
Definition
Short acting amide anesthetic
Doesnt require vasoconstrictor
*Methemeglobin=impaired o2 transport
Term
Bupivacaine
Definition
Long acting amide anesthetic
can be used for epidural, but more cardiotoxic
Term
Articaine
Definition
Intermediate acting amide anesthetic
Term
Ropivacaine
Definition
Long acting amide anesthetic
Pregnancy epidural
Term
Cocaine
Definition
Ester anesthetic
vasoconstrictor
Term
Procaine
Definition
Ester anesthetic
Longest onset, pka 9.1
Term
Tetracaine
Definition
Topical anesthetic ester
for itching and pain
Term
Benzocaine
Definition
Topical anesthetic ester
for itching and pain
numbing gel for injections
Term
Proparacaine
Definition
Ester Anesthetic Eyedrops
Term
Epinephrine
Definition
a1 agonist vasoconstrictor
*DO NOT use for digital injuries
*Avoid with CAD, HTN, MAOIs or other a1 agonists
Term
Levonordefin
Definition
a1 agonist vasoconstrictor
Term
EMLA
Definition
Topical anesthetic for pain and itching
Term
LMX-4
Definition
Topical anesthetic for pain and itching
Term
TAC
Definition
Anesthetic for Lacerations
Term
LET
Definition
Anesthetic for lacerations
Term
Aldosterone
Definition
Mineralcordicoid
salt retention
Term
Fludrocortisone
Definition
Synthetic mineralcorticoid
Addisons
Term
Deoxycorticosterone Acetate
Definition
Mineralcorticoid
Term
Cortisone
Definition
Short acting, nonselective corticoid
Term
Hydrocortisone
Definition
Synthetic Short acting, nonselective corticoid
Addisons
IIB-HydroxySteroid Dehydrogenase doesnt work
Term
Prednisone
Definition
Short acting glucocorticoid
antiinflammatory
Term
Prednisolone
Definition
Short acting glucocorticoid
antiinflammatory
Term
Triamcinolone
Definition
Intermediate acting glucocorticoid
antinflammatory
Term
Dexamethasone
Definition
Long acting glucocorticoid
Antiinflammatory
Cushings
Term
Betamethasone
Definition
Long acting glucocorticoid
anti inflammatory
Term
Aminoglutethamide
Definition
Glucocorticoid Synthesis Inhibitor
cushings
Term
Mifepristone
Definition
RU486- Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist
*Terminates Pregnancy
Term
Spironolactone
Definition
MR receptor antagonist
spares K+
Term
Eplerenone
Definition
Newer MR receptor antagonist
Term
Dacarbazine
Definition
Alkylating chemo agent
Phase nonspecific
*Carcinogenic
Term
Doxorubicin
Definition
Antitumor antibody chemo drug
Block topoisomerase II
phase nonspecific (g2)
Term
Bleomycin
Definition
Antitumor antibody chemo drug
chelates Fe-->DNA breaks
phase nonspecific *Pulmonary Fibrosis
Term
Vinblastine
Definition
Microtubule inhibitor chemo drug
Vinca alkyloid
prevents spindle formation
Term
Thioguanine
Definition
DNA synthesis inhibitor chemo drug
Purine/Pyrimidine Analogue
S phase specific
Term
Methotrexate
Definition
DNA synthesis inhibitor chemo drug
Folate analogue-->prevents purine sythesis
S phase specific
Term
Folinic Acid
Definition
Rescues cells from high dose Methotrexate
Term
Topotecan
Definition
DNA synthesis inhibitor chemo drug
Topoisomerase inhibitor
Term
Avastatin
Definition
Anti-angiogenic--> inhibit tumor BV growth
Term
Tamoxifen
Definition
Chemo- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
Treat/Prevent ER(+) breast CA
*Cytostatic *Endometrial CA risk
Term
Gardasil
Definition
Prevent HPV 6,11,16,18
Term
Imatinib
Definition
CML chemo drug
Kinase inhibitor targets oncogene products
Term
Albuterol
Definition
b2 agonist
Rescue inhalor
Term
Salmeterol
Definition
Longer acting b2 agonist controller
used prohylactically
not for monotherapy
Term
Fluticasone
Definition
Inhaled Controller glucocorticoid
Reduce frequency and severity of asthma exacerbations
Term
Prednisone
Definition
Systemic Reliever glucocorticoid
For acute asthma attack and chronic severe asthma
*Adverse effects past 2weeks
Term
Zileuton
Definition
Leukotriene Synthesis inhibitor
oral controller
Severe or *NSAID induced asthma
Term
Zafrilukast
Definition
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Severe or *NSAID induced asthma
Term
Theophylline
Definition
Adenosine Receptor antagonist-->bronchodilation
Oral overnight controller of mod-severe asthma
Term
Omalizumab
Definition
Anti IgE asthma controller
*Does not reduce acute bronchospasm
Term
Cromolyn
Definition
Mast Cell stabilizer, qid
Mild, Persistent, or *exercise induced asthma
*Will not reduce acute bronchospasm
Term
Ipratroprium
Definition
Antimuscarinic-->Parasympatholytic Asthma Reliever
Used when B agonists are contraindicated
(MAOI, Arrhythmia)
Term
Omeprazole
Definition
Proton Pump Inibitor
Used also with ABx for H pylori
*Inhibits CYP450 2C19(Diazepam)
Term
Iansoprazole
Definition
Proton Pump inhibitor
Term
Cimetidine
Definition
Histamine Receptor Antagonist
*CYP450 interactions with Warfarin and Theophyllin
Term
Famotidine
Definition
Histamine Receptor Antagonist
(pepsid)
Term
Misoprostol
Definition
Prostaglandin analogue
For NSAID damage
*NOT for pregnant women..abortions
Term
Dymenhydrinate
Definition
Antihistamine for Vestibular Nausea
Block H1 receptor
(dramamine)
Term
Scopalamine
Definition
Anticholinergic for Vestibular Nausea
Inhibits muscarinic receptors
Term
Chlorpromazine
Definition
Dopamine receptor antagonist for visceral nausea
*Parkinson symptoms
Term
Promethazine
Definition
Dopamine receptor antagonist for visceral nausea
*Parkinson symptoms
Term
Ondansetron
Definition
Serotonin receptor antagonist for visceral nausea
reduce colonic motility and emetic signals
Term
Varniciline
Definition
Tobacco Addiction
Nicotinic receptor partial agonist
Term
Buproprion
Definition
Tobacco Addiction
Antidepressant
Increase NE and DA
Term
Naltrexone
Definition
Heroin addiction
m opiod receptor antagonist
*Reverse Heroin OD! *Hepatotoxic!
Term
Methadone
Definition
Heroin
m opiod receptor agonist
transfers dependence, prevents withdrawal
Term
Clonidine
Definition
Heroin addiction
stimulate a2 receptor
masks withdrawal effects
Term
Diazepam
Definition
Alcohol withdrawal
Long acting sedative (GABA)
Term
Carbamazapine
Definition
Alcohol withdrawal
antiseizure--> increase Na channel inactivation
Term
Disulfram
Definition
Alcohol Relapse
Cause N/V by blocking acetylaldehyde dehydrogenase
*Hepatoxic *DO NOT USE with NALTREXONE
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