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final exam
ms.d's final exam
114
History
7th Grade
05/29/2008

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Term
emigrate
Definition
to leave one's homeland to live elsewhere
Term
ethnic groups
Definition
a minority that speaks a different language or follows different customs than the majority of people in a country.
Term
steerage
Definition
cramped quaters on a ship's lower decks for passengers paying the lowest fares.
Term
Ellis Island
Definition
the place in new york harbor where immigrants were processed
Term
Angle Island
Definition
the name of the immigrant processing center on the West Coasts in San Francisco.
Term
assimilate
Definition
to absorb a group into te culture of a larger population
Term
nativism
Definition
a person who favors those born in his country and is opposed to immigrants
Term
Gilded Age
Definition
huge wealth of few contrasted with horrivle poverty
Term
tenement
Definition
a building in which several families rent rooms or apartments, often with little sanitation or safety
Term
Slums
Definition
poor, crowded, and run-down urban neighborhoods
Term
suburb
Definition
residental areas outside of the city
Term
settlement house
Definition
institution located in a poor neighborhood that provided numerous community services such as medical care, child care, libraries, and classes in English
Term
morrill act
Definition
an act that gace states federal land that could be used for education
Term
land grant college
Definition
the buildings that were established as a result of the Morrill Act
Term
John Dewey
Definition
the leading spokesperson for progressive education, criticized schools for overemphasing memorization of information
Term
Tuskegee Institute
Definition
Train teachers and to provide practical education for African Americans
Term
Booker T. Washington
Definition
a person who created the Tuskegee Institute
Term
Andrew Carnegie
Definition
a famous steel tycoon who donated over W$30 million to build more than 2,000 libraries in the U.S
Term
Yellow Journalism
Definition
writing which exaggerats sensational, dramatic, and gruesome events to attract readers, named for stories that were popular during the late 1800
Term
Progressives
Definition
people in the United States that were alarmed by the concentration of wealth in the hands of the few
Term
Spoils system
Definition

rewarding political supporters with jobs and favors

Term
trusts
Definition
a combination of firms or corporations formed by a legal agreement, especially to reduce competition
Term
Sherman Antitrust Act
Definition
first federal law to control trusts and monopolies
Term
muckrakers
Definition
a journalist who uncovers abuses and corruption in a society
Term
Meat Inspection Act
Definition
allowed the government to enter business and inspect products
Term
Pure Food and Drug Act
Definition
It required accurate labeling of food and medicine banning the sale of harmful food
Term
17th Amendment
Definition
provide for the direct election of senators
Term
Ku Klux Klan
Definition
as more immigrants settled in the United States, more Americans became bitter, and this group for terroizing African Americans during Reconstruction was reborn in 1915
Term
suffragist
Definition
people who fought for a woman's right to vote
Term
19th Amendment
Definition
the goal of the women's rights movement was reached when this amendment was passed
Term
prohibition
Definition
the passage of laws to prohibit the production and sale of alcohol
Term
18th amendment
Definition
Constitutional Amendment made alcohol illegal in the United States
Term
Conservation
Definition
the protection and preservation of natural resources
Term
discrimination
Definition
immigrants arriving in the United States often had to face unequal treatment because of race, religion, ethnic backgrounds, and/or place of birth
Term
Plessy v. Ferguson
Definition
supreme court case made segregation in the United States legal
Term
Alice Paul
Definition
the name of the Suffragist who protested in front of the White House and went on a hunger strike in jail to gain National Attention for her cause
Term

William McKinley

Definition
Theodore Roosevelt became President after this president was assassinated at the World's fair
Term
Theodore Roosevelt
Definition
became the president after President McKinley. He was called a trustbuster, he promised to offer people a square deal, and introduced the U.S Forest Service.
Term
Woodrow Wilson
Definition
president who created the Fourteen Points Plan
Term
Isolationism
Definition
a national policy of avoiding involvement in World affairs
Term
expansionism
Definition
a policy that calls for expanding a nation's boundaries
Term
imperalism
Definition
the actions used one nation to exercise political or economic control over smaller or weaker nations
Term
Queen Liliuokalani
Definition
took powers that the American sugar planters had held. In response, the white planters overthrew her
Term
annexation
Definition
bringing an area under the control of a larger country
Term
spheres of influence
Definition
section of a country where one foreign nation enjoys special rights and powers
Term
Open Door policy
Definition
a policy that allowed each foreign nation in China to trade freely in the other nations ' spheres of influence
Term
Boxer Rebellion
Definition
a secret material arts group, known as the Boxers wanted to rid China of foreign devils
Term
USS Maine
Definition
the name of the U.S battleshop that was blown up in Havana Harbor, sparking the start of the Spanish-American War
Term
Rough Riders
Definition
an assorted group of former cowhands and college students
Term
Battle of San Juan Hill
Definition
the place where rough riders led by Teddy Roosevelt achieve victory
Term
Roosevelt Corollary
Definition
U.S had the right to interfere with Latin American affairs whenever nations seemed unstable
Term
Treaty of Paris
Definition
treaty that ended it the Spanish American war
Term
Dollar Diplomacy
Definition
a policy of joining business interests of a country with its diplomatic interests abroad and it was very successful
Term
Francisco "Pancho" Villa
Definition
the Mexian rebel who invaded New Mexico and killed 18 Americans
Term
Nationalism
Definition
loyalty to a nation and promotion of its interests above all others
Term
militarism
Definition
a buildup of military strength within a country
Term
Alliances
Definition
defense agreements among nations
Term
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Definition
was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip
Term
Gavrilo Princip
Definition
Serbian terrorist
Term
Allied Powers
Definition
the Allies- Great Britain, France, and Russia
Term
Central Powers
Definition
Germany, Austria-Hungry, and the Ottoman Empire
Term
Trench Warfare
Definition
fighting in dug in trenches with No Man's Land between both sides
Term
U-Boat
Definition
Germans invented the submarine
Term
Zimmerman Note
Definition
note intercepted by U.S ; Germany asks Mexico tot invade the U.S and gets money for it
Term
Selective Service Act
Definition
act passed by Congress which made the army larger
Term
Propaganda
Definition
ideas or information designed and spread to influence opinion
Term
convoy system
Definition
navy destroyers escorted merchant ships to Europe
Term
American Expeditionary Force
Definition
American troops in Europe
Term
Armistice
Definition
a temporary peace agreement to end fighting
Term
Armistice Day
Definition
the day when World War I was over and it is now Veterans Day in the United States

Term
Mobilization
Definition
gathering of resources and the preparation for war
Term
Fourteen Points Plan
Definition
a peace plan for Europe
Term
League of Nation
Definition
goal was to preserve peace and prevent future wars

Term
Treaty of Versailles
Definition
the treaty that Germany and the Allies signed in June 1919
Term
The Red Scare
Definition
time when government went after communist aka. "Reds" and others with radical views
Term
Anarchist
Definition
person who believes that there should be no government
Term
Warran G. Harding
Definition
a president who promised a return to normalcy
Term
Ohio Gang
Definition
Harding gave many important jobs to friends and political supporters
Term
Teapot Dome Scandal
Definition
Albert Fall, Harding's secretary of the interior, secretly leased government oil reserves in Teapot Dome, Wyoming, to the owners of two oil companies
Term
Calvin Coolidge
Definition
won reelection in 1924. His administration raised tariffs to protect American buisnesses and overturned laws regulating child labor and wages for women
Term
Recession
Definition
a downward turn in business ativity
Term
Assembly Line
Definition
used by many businesses adopted mass production methods
Term
>Welfare Capitalism
Definition
In an attempt to improve relations with employees, employers began welfare capitalism
Term
Installment Buying
Definition
a system of paying for goods in which customers promise to pay small, regular amounts over a period of time
Term
Mass Media
Definition
types of communication that reach large numbers of people, such as newspapers, radio, and television
Term
The Jazz Age
Definition
Americans danced to a new type of music called jazz
Term
Temperance Movement
Definition
the movement tat was estalbished to rid the United States of Alcohol
Term
prohibition
Definition
the nationwide ban on the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor in the U.S that went into effect when the 18th Amendment was ratified
Term
Speakeasies
Definition

clubs that were hidden from view and could be entered only by saying a password

Term
Scopes Trial
Definition
During the sweltering summer of 1925, the nation followed the day-to-day developments in the Scopes Trial with great interest
Term
Stock Exchange
Definition
a place where shares in its business which often carry voting power
Term
Buy on margin
Definition
to buy stock by paying only a fraction of the stock price and borrowing the rest

Term
Great Depression
Definition
the time in the 1930s which the United States went into a severe economic state

Term
Hoovervilles
Definition
Some reffered bitterly to the shanty town as Hooverviles because of President Hoover's failure to act
Term
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Definition
Defeated President Herbert Hoover a landslide victory and was a reformer. Promised Americans a "New Deal"
Term
The Hundred Days
Definition
a special session of Congress that dealt with problems of the Depression
Term
The New Deal
Definition
the name given to the new laws aimed at relieving the Depression, which were passed by Congress during the Hundred Days and the months that followed
Term
Dust Bowl
Definition

the name given to the area of the Southern Great Plains severely damaged by droughts and dust storms during the 1930s

Term
Axis Powers
Definition
formed by Germany, Itay, and Japan
Term
Dictator
Definition
a leader who rules with total authority, often in a cruel or brutal manner
Term
Harry Turman
Definition
became president after President FDR
Term
Fascism
Definition
a political system, headed by a dictator, that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition
Term
Nazi Party
Definition
In 1921 Hitler became chairman of the National Socialist German Workers' Party
Term
Totalitarian State
Definition
State that a political system in which the government suppresses all opposition and controls most aspects of people's lives
Term
Anti-Semitism
Definition

hostility toward or discrimination against Jews

Term
Appeasement
Definition
accepting demands in order to avoid conflict
Term
Winston Churchill
Definition
The British people endured, however, in part because of the inspiration of Prime Minister Winston Churchill
Term
Charles De Gaulle
Definition
Term
Josef Stalin
Definition
In the late 1920s, he rose to power as the Communit leader of the Soviet Union
Term
Adolf Hitler
Definition
In the late 1920s, he achieved wide popularity in Germany
Term
Benito Mussolini
Definition
rose to power by appealing to the resentment of many Italians who felt they had not won enough in the Versailles Treaty
Term
Emperor Hirohito
Definition
Term
Genocide
Definition
the deliberate destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group
Term
Holocaust
Definition
The name given to the mass slughter of Jews and other groups by the Nazis during World War I
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