Details

Title: Final Exam

Description: Review

Total Flash Cards: 84

Created: 06/07/2011 10:58:12

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Cards in this set:

Term
4 northern colonies
Definition
Rhode Island
Connecticut
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Term
4 middle colonies
Definition
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
Term
5 southern colonies
Definition
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Term
the theory that a country's power depends on its wealth
Definition
mercantilism
Term
written document granting land and the authority to set up colonial governments
Definition
charter
Term
What was the name of the first representative legislature in North America? Where was it located?
Definition
House of Burgesses
Jamestown, VA
Term
granted equal treatment under the law and trial by ones peers
Definition
Mayflower Compact
Term
colonial settlers were forbidden to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains without permission from the British government
Definition
Proclamation of 1763
Term
required colonists to attach expensive tax stamps to all newspapers and legal documents
Definition
Stamp Act
Term
restricted the colonists' civil rights, including the right to trial by jury
Definition
Intolerable Acts
Term
the policy of loose control by Britain
Definition
Salutary Neglect
Term
Who's idea was it that life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness were unalienable rights?
Definition
John Locke
Term
Who came up with the Social Contract?
Definition
Jean Jacques Rosseau
Term
Who wrote Common Sense?
Definition
Thomas Paine
Term
refusal to buy
Definition
boycott
Term
What did the First Continental Congress do?
Definition
sent a documnet to King George III demanding that the rights of the colonists be restored
Term
What did the second Continental Congress do?
Definition
wrote the Declaration of Independence
Term
Where were the first two battles of the American Revolution?
Definition
Lexington and Concord
Term
What was the last battle of the American Revolution?
Definition
Yorktown
Term
Why is Daniel Shay's Rebellion so important?
Definition
showed why the Article's of Confederation were weak
Term
What compromise created the Senate and the House of Representatives?
Definition
Great Compromise
Term
What Compromise said that every 5 enslaved persons would count as 3 free persons?
Definition
Three-Fifths Compromise
Term
freedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair legal treatment
Definition
civil liberties
Term
prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, and voter registration; banned discrimination by gender as well
Definition
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Term
the notion that power lies with the people
Definition
popular sovereignty
Term
a representative democracy where citizens choose their lawmakers
Definition
republic
Term
a government in which citizens hold the power to rule
Definition
republic
Term
the first 10 amendmens to the constitution to protect individual rights
Definition
bill of rights
Term
principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern
Definition
rule of law
Term
the split of authority among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches
Definition
separation of power
Term
a system in which each branch of government is able to chek or restrain, the power of others
Definition
checks and balances
Term
the sharing of power between the central and state governments
Definition
federal system
Term
the power of the Supreme Court to say whether any law or government action goes against the Constituion
Definition
judicial review
Term
the sharing of power between the central and state governments
Definition
federal system
Term
the income that a government collects for public use
Definition
revenue
Term
quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded
Definition
surplus
Term
situation in which government spends more than collects in revenue
Definition
deficit
Term
tax levied on the income of individuals
Definition
income tax
Term
money taken directly out of your paycheck
Definition
payroll tax
Term
a tax laid on the manufacture, sale, or consumption of goods
Definition
excise tax
Term
levy imposed on the assets of one who dies
Definition
estate and gift taxes
Term
Article 1 of the NC Constitution that spells out the civil liberties and the rights of its citizens
Definition
Declaration of Rights
Term
What do the articles in the NC Constitution do?
Definition
establish the structure of the NC Government
Term
a series of statements expressing the party's principles, beliefs, and positions on election issues
Definition
platform
Term
a geographic area that contains a specific number of voters
Definition
precinct
Term
a person from a legislator's district
Definition
constituents
Term
a survey in which individuals are asked to answer questions about a particular issue or person
Definition
public opinion polls
Term
represent an interest group and contact lawmakers or other government officials directly to influence their policy making
Definition
lobbyist
Term
the practice of offering your time and services to others without payment
Definition
volunteerism
Term
rigths and duties of members of a state
Definition
citizenship
Term
general agreement among various groups on fundamental matters
Definition
consensus
Term
a court's authority to hear and decide cases
Definition
jurisdiction
Term
to send a case back to a lower court to be tried agains
Definition
remand
Term
What happens to a bill that is introduced and passed by the House of Representatives?
Definition
goes to the Senate for approval
Term
first known system of written law
Definition
Hammurabi's code
Term
simplified all Roman law
Definition
Justinian Code
Term
law of the Catholic Church
Definition
Canon law
Term
updated Justinian code to more modern standards
Definition
Napoleonic Code
Term
law based on court decisions rather than on a legal code
Definition
common law
Term
regulatory laws, defective products, safety questions
Definition
administrative law
Term
state laws that are violated
Definition
statutory law
Term
ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case
Definition
precedent
Term
party who starts the legal proceedings against another party for a violation of the law
Definition
prosecution
Term
What is another name for minor crimes?
Definition
misdemeanor
Term
What is another name for major crimes?
Definition
felony
Term
suspect is charged and they plead guilty or not guilty
Definition
araignment
Term
4 factors of production
Definition
capital
entrepreneurship
labor
land
Term
not having enough resources to produce all of the things we would like to have
Definition
scarcity
Term
the cost of the next best alternative use of time and money when choosing to do one thing rather than the other
Definition
oppurtunity cost
Term
additional or extra oppurtunity cost associated with an action
Definition
marginal cost
Term
the change in total revenue as a result of producing one additional unit of outpu
Definition
marginal revenue
Term
additional or extra benefit associated with an action
Definition
marginal benefit
Term
when people, businesses, regions, and/or nations concentrate on goods and services that they can produce better than anyone else
Definition
specialization
Term
the breaking down of a job into seperate, saller taks to be performed individually
Definition
division of labor
Term
Who wrote Wealth of Nations?
Definition
Adam Smith
Term
father of capitalism
father of communism
Definition
Adam Smith
Karl Marx
Term
markets where producers offer goods and services for sale
Definition
product market
Term
markets where productive resources are bought and sold
Definition
factor market
Term
changes in government spending or tax policies
Definition
fiscal policy
Term
measure of change in price over time of a specific groups of goods and services
Definition
consumer price index
Term
the ability of an individual or group to carry out an economic activity at a lower cost and more efficiently than another entity
Definition
comparative advantage
Term
to purchase or subcontract from an outside supplier or source
Definition
outsourcing
Term
market when investment prices are rising
Definition
bull market
Term
market when investment prices are falling
Definition
bear market