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Final Exam Part 4
April 10th
14
Physiology
Undergraduate 1
04/21/2012

Additional Physiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Which class of blood vessel are the sites of blood flow regulation?

Definition
Arterioles
Term

Which class of blood vessels are the site of exchange of materials?

Definition
capillaries
Term

Which system of vessels returns interstitial fluid (ISF) to the vascular system?

Definition
The Lymphatic System
Term

What is vascular smooth muscle?

Definition
  • The walls of most blood vessels which contain layers of smooth muscle cells. (Ateries, Arterioles, Veins)
Term

What is "vascular tone"?

Definition
always being partially contracted.
Term

What feature of large arteries enable them to serve as "pressure reservoirs"?

Definition
  • thick muscular walls
  • highly elastic
Term

Define "pulse pressure"

(Know Equation)

Definition

the difference between systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure

 

Side Note:

MAP (Mean Arteriol Pressure) =

diastolic P + 1/3(systolic P – diastolic P)

The Average Pulse Pressure

Term

Describe vasoconstriction. How does it affect blood flow?

Definition
Contraction of VSM narrows the diameter of blood vessels & increases the resistance to blood flow.
Term

Describe vasodilation. How does it affect blood flow?

Definition
Relaxation of VSM widens the diameter of blood vessels & decreases the resistance to blood flow
Term

Explain the difference between an "intrinsic" and "extrinsic" factor

Definition

Intrinsic factor - Contractility of a blood vessle is controlled from within itself. 

Ex: Hyperemia - a decrease in O2 and an increase in CO2 will cause a artery to to meet the O2 demand.

 

Extrinsic factor - Contractility of a blood vessle is controlled by something outside.

Ex: A neuron sends norepinephrine to a blood vessle to keep the vessle "toned". An increase in NE will cause the blood vessle to contract, when the neuron stops sending NE the blood vessle will dilate

Term

What are metarterioles, and what do they do?

Definition
  • Allow blood to by-pass capillary beds.

Use Capillary Sphincters

Term

What is transcytosis, and in which vessels does it occur?

Definition

Material is transported through the cell by vessicals, happens in the capillaries (Capillary Exchange)

Fenestrated Capilaries 

Term

What is the "skeletal muscle pump" and what does it do for blood flow?

Definition
helps return venous blood to the heart by using valves
Term

What is lymphedema?

Definition

Build-up of lymph in the interstitial tissues

 Caused by:

Inadequate drainage of lymph

 Filtration far greater than absorption

 

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