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Female Reproduction III (2)
Menopause
14
Physiology
Graduate
02/12/2011

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Cards

Term
Approaching menopause ______ & ________ decrease while _______ & _____ increase
Definition
-Estrogen & Inhibin -FSH & LH
Term
In menopause ______ increases because of the decrease of negative feedback by _____ & _______
Definition
-FSH (& LH)(less)
-estrogen & inhibin
Term
The increase in ______ in the beginning of menopuase produces _______ (longer or shorter) cycles
Definition
FSH
shorter (by shortening the time of the follicular phase)
Term
Menstrual cycles become longer when
Definition
the time required to develop positive feedback(high estrogen) is prolonged
Term
Nearing menopause most cycles are anovulatory because not enough _______ is produced to trigger _________
Definition
-estrogen
-LH surge
Term
Some ovarian secretion of ______ continues after menopause, but it gradually diminishes
Definition
estrogen
Term
After menopuase ovaries continue to synthesize _______ (under the influence of LH) and therefore these levels don't decline much.
Definition
androgens
Term
The production of estrogen from androgens in the ovaries after menopause is minimal because there are few _______ left
Definition
primordial follicles (and thereby much fewer granulosa cells)
Term
After menopause androgens are converted to estrogen by _______(enzyme) in the ______ tissues.
Definition
-aromatase
-peripheral (adipose & muscle)
Term
Peripheral aromatase has a higher affinity for __________ (androgen) therefore plasma levels of ________(estrogen) are higher after menopause.
Definition
-androstenedione
-estrone
Term
________(androgen) is a precursor of _______ (estrogen)
Definition
-testosterone to estradiol
-androstenedione to estrone
Term
_________(estrogen) levels after menopause are higher than ________(estrogen) due to
Definition
-Estrone (E1)
-estradiol (E3)
-Change to peripheral production of estrogen instead of ovarian.
Term
Charachteristics changes in hormone levels post-menopause:(increase, decrease or unchanged)
FSH ________
LH _________
Estrone_________
Estradiol_____
Androgens _______
Definition
FSH increases (FSH>LH)
LH Increases
Estrone increases
Estradiol decreases
Androgens unchanged
Term
FSH >LH during ________ (ages)
LH > FSH during _______
Definition
childhood and menopause
Reproductive period
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