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Exam One
Hyland
50
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/01/2009

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
sympathetic nervous system
Definition
Louise came home one night to find a burglar in her house. Her heart began to race and she began to perspire. These physical reactions were triggered by Louise’s: _______________.
Term
neurotransmitters
Definition
Task of passing a message from one neuron to another neuron is carried by: __________.
Term
Retinal disparity
Definition
The main binocular cue for perceiving depth is: _________.
Term
humanistic psychology
Definition
A capacity for self-awareness and personal growth is associated most closely with ____________.
Term
“teachers” were deceived and frequently subjected to severe stress.
Definition
The Milgram obedience experiments were not ethical because __________.
Term
there is an error in the computations of the correlation
Definition
A researcher finds a correlation of -2.86 between cigarette smoking and aggressiveness. This means: ____________.
Term
functionalism
Definition
Darwin’s theory of evolution and natural selections most influenced: _________.
Term
form new memories.
Definition
Tyler was an epileptic who had parts of his hippocampus removed to control his seizures. This surgery will affect Tyler’s ability to __________.
Term
reactivity
Definition
Production at the factory was poor, so management had a team of observers film the workers on the job. The films showed everyone working at top speed and production was at its highest in a year. A likely explanation for the change in the workers’ behavior is: _______.
Term
what the participants hear while they study (relaxing music or quiet).
Definition
Peter believes listening to relaxing music will improve memory. He conducts a study where 15 people are put in a room to study while listening to relaxing music for 30min and 15 people are put in a quiet room to study for 30min. He then measures how much of the material the participants from each group remembered. In this example, the independent variable is: ___________.
Term
common fate
Definition
The fact that most people perceive individual elements that are moving in the same direction as being part of a single group is consistent with the Gestalt law of: _______.
Term
Corpus callosum
Definition
The bridge of nerve fibers that connects large areas of the cerebral cortex on each side of the brain and supports communication of information across the hemispheres is called the: ________.
Term
insulate the axon and speed neural transmission.
Definition
In neurons, the function of the myelin sheath is to: ________________.
Term
colors
Definition
The Stroop effect involves the naming of: _______.
Term
parietal
Definition
When this lobe of the brain is electrically stimulated, people report physical sensations as if they had been touched, for example, on the arm.
Term
internal validity
Definition
When the results of an experiment can be confidentially attributed to the independent variable, the experiment is said to be high in: _________.
Term
medulla
Definition
Shot in the head, the victim died instantly because the bullet entered the portion of the brain that regulates breathing: ________.
Term
No, this is a correlation study, something other than encyclopedias might help grades.
Definition
It has been found that children who have encyclopedias in their homes do better in school than those without. Can you conclude that using an encyclopedia causes children to do better in school?
Term
just at her absolute threshold for taste.
Definition
Mary Beth was eating some cookies and she thought she could detect a hint of cinnamon in them. She took another bite and could not taste the cinnamon. On a third bite she could just make out the taste of cinnamon again. The amount of cinnamon in the cookies was likely to be: ______.
Term
systematic introspection
Definition
Miranda is listening to music and recording all her feeling and impressions as she experiences them. Miranda is using a technique known as: _______.
Term
he will probably also have a low score in extroversion
Definition
Imagine that the personality traits of openness and extroversion have a strong positive correlation. If Mike has a score in openness that is extremely low: _________.
Term
Frontal; Left
Definition
Jane has a tumor in one of her lobes which has caused her to be unable to move her right leg. Her _____ lobe on the ____ side of the brain is the one most likely affected.
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
A brain-injured patient is unable to control his eating behavior and is no longer interested in sex. What area of the patient’s brain is most likely damaged?
Term
Alzheimer’s disease, acetylcholine
Definition
________, which involves severe impairment of memory, is closely associated with deterioration of _______ producing neurons.
Term
R = 0.61
Definition
Which of the following correlations represents the strongest correlation between two variables?
a. R= -0.54
b. R= 0.61
c. R= 0.23
d. R= -0.11
Term
Laboratory observation
Definition
Which of the following terms does not fit with the others?
a. Clever Hans the horse
b. Rosenthal Effect
c. Laboratory observation
d. Experimenter bias
Term
sensory adaptation
Definition
Walter has been working at his computer for the past 2 hours and the hum that he found annoying when he first started to work no longer bothers him. The change in Walter’s sensitivity to the noise demonstrates: ___________.
Term
perceiving spatial relationships
Definition
Left hemisphere is to language as right hemisphere is to _____________.
Term
the dependent variable
Definition
Researchers studying the effects of caffeine tested the reaction time of women who either had a beverage with caffeine or a decaffeinated version of the same drink. The reaction time of each participant would be: ____________.
Term
Dopamine
Definition
Which neurotransmitters has been implicated in Parkinson’s disease?
Term
the chance of getting the observed difference by accident is less than 5%.
Definition
A particular research study compares an experimental group with a control group. An analysis of the results reveals that “p < .05.” Therefore, ___________.
Term
transduction
Definition
The process that allows our sensory system to convert stimulus energies into neural impulses is: ________.
Term
the rear of both hemispheres
Definition
The visual area of the cortex is found in ___________.
Term
temporal lobe
Definition
The hearing centers in the brain are primarily located in the ________.
Term
Balancing on a tight rope
Definition
Which behavior would be most affected by injury to the cerebellum?
a. Doing mental arithmetic
b. Maintaining wakeful alertness
c. Balancing on a tight rope
d. Feeling hungry at the right times
Term
a relay system for sensory information.
Definition
The thalamus can be characterized as: _________.
Term
Phrenology
Definition
Gall proposed that an individual’s mental characteristics could be estimated from the size of the bumps on his/her skull. This theory was called: ______.
Term
autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system
Definition
The 2 parts of the peripheral nervous system are the ________ and the _________.
Term
Naturalistic observation
Definition
A researcher who goes to a playground and observes the amount of time children spend playing at each activity is engaged in: ________.
Term
She didn’t randomly assign participants to the experimental and control groups.
Definition
Diana wants to see if heat causes happiness. She asks 100 participants to come to the laboratory, and as they walk in, she asks each person to choose a warm booth or a cold booth. On the basis of their choices, participants spend 20 min. in one or the other booth before rating their levels of general happiness. What’s wrong with Diana’s experiment?
Term
Naturalistic observation
Definition
Which of the following concepts does not fit with the others?
a. Experiment
b. Independent variable
c. Naturalistic observation
d. placebo
Term
informed consent
Definition
The ethical principle of _______ means research participants are given enough info about a study to make a reasonable decision about whether or not to participate.
Term
the 2 variables are unrelated
Definition
A correlation of .00 means: __________.
Term
a double-blind research study
Definition
Dr. Brown designs an experiment to test the effects of a new memory drug. Half the participants will receive a placebo and half will receive the memory drug, but neither the participants nor the researches administrating the drug will be informed which is the placebo. Dr. Brown has designed: ________.
Term
Motor neurons
Definition
________ carry signals from the spinal cord to the muscles to produce movement.
Term
capable of the most precise and skilled movements.
Definition
The body parts that have the largest representation on the motor cortex are those body parts that are __________.
Term
Certain aspects of intelligence are innate
Definition
With respect to intelligence, Dr. Hill has a nativist view. This means Dr. Hill is most likely to believe that:
a. Experience determine the degree and form of intelligence an individual will eventually display
b. Researches should be less concerned with the structure of intelligence and more concerned with the function it serves
c. To understand intelligence fully, researched must understand each of its component parts
d. Certain aspects of intelligence are innate
Term
arousing is to calming
Definition
Sympathetic division is to parasympathetic division as: ________.
Term
observable behavior, but psychoanalysis stresses unconscious urges.
Definition
A major difference between behaviorism and psychoanalysis is that behaviorism stresses: _______ while psychoanalysis stresses _________.
Term
a random sampling is used
Definition
Survey results will be more likely to accurately represent the opinions of the entire population if: ________.
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