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Exam 4 Chemistry Review/Study Questions Part 2
Review / Study Questions
58
Chemistry
Undergraduate 3
04/01/2015

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Term
Name the disease associated with the following lab tests:
Sweat chloride by pilocarpine
iontophoresis
>60 mmol/L
(2-5X ULN)diagnostic
Definition
Cystic Fibrosis
Term
Name the disease associated with the following lab tests:
Stool wet prep with Sudan III, IV or Oil Red O (qualitative)
Fecal fat with 3 day collection based on standardized diet (quantitative)
Definition
Fat Malabsorption
Term
Name the disease associated with the following lab tests:
Amylase and lipase Increased
Triglycerides Increased
Serum proteins Decreased
Fecal fats
Definition
Pancreatitis
Term
Name the disease associated with the following lab tests:
Highly Increased Fasting Gastin Levels
High HCl
Definition
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Term
Name the disease associated with the following lab tests:
Schilling Test (radioactive vit B12 assesses absorption); given with or without IF
Measure r-B12 in urine
Definition
Pernicious Anemia
Term
Name the disease associated with the following lab tests:
Occult Blood screen, X 3
(Blood reacts with peroxidase reagent
-gum guiac. Dietary restrictions)
CEA
Definition
GI Carcinoma
Term
What is the 4th leading cause of cancer death in U.S.A.?
Definition
Pancreatic Carcinoma
Term
What is the cause of Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?
Definition
Gastrin-secreting tumors of the pancreas (gastrinomas)
Term
What is the cause of Pernicious Anemia?
Definition
Insufficient intrinsic factor to absorb vit B12
Mainly due to anti-parietal antibodies (autoimmune)
Term
What is the most common disturbance of CHO digestion?
Definition
Lactose Intolerance
Term
Water is up to what percent of total body weight?
Definition
75%
Term
What percent of plasma is water?
Definition
90%
Term
What 2 mechanisms control the transport of ions across a membrane?
Definition
*Active transport involving ATP
*Diffusion, depending on size and charge of the ion, hormones
Term
When Na+ is reabsorbed, what follows to maintain electrical neutrality?
Definition
Cl=
Term
As Na+ is absorbed, ____ & ____ are excreted to maintain cation balance.
Definition
K+ & H+
Term
Calcium is reabsorbed under the influence of ________
Definition
PTH
Term
Most Na+ is reabsorbed where?
Definition
In the Proximal Tubules
Term
More Na+ can be reabsorbed in the distal tubules under the influence of ________
Definition
Aldosterone
Term
The final adjustment to water is made where?
Definition
Distal Tubules / Collecting Ducts
Term
The final adjustment to water is made under the influence of what?
Definition
AVP (ADH)
Term
What is the Major Contributor to Osmolality?
Definition
Na+
Term
Other than Na+, what else contributes to Osmolality?
Definition
Cl, Glucose, BUN, Proteins, Lipids
Term
What are considered "Abnormal" contributors to Osmolality?
Definition
alcohols, ketones, lactic acid, Increased glucose, Increased protein
Term
Where is most iron found in the body?
Definition
In RBCs
Term
State the storage form of iron
Definition
Ferritin
Term
State the carrier protein of iron
Definition
Transferrin
Term
What type of disorder is associated with iron overload, cirrhosis, arthritis, and heart failure?
Definition
Hemochromatosis
Term
Describe the blood smear associated with IDA
Definition
Microcytic, hypochromic
Term
What is the most common cause of IDA?
Definition
Chronic blood loss
Term
Calculate the % Tf Saturation. Total iron = 125. TIBC = 300
Definition
125/300 = 42%
Term
With what condition is 42% TF Saturation consistent with?
Definition
Normal
Term
Calculate the % Tf Saturation. Total iron = 50 TIBC = 475
Definition
50/475 = 10%
Term
With what condition is 10% TF Saturation consistent with?
Definition
IDA or Chronic Disease
Term
Match the results with the condition:
Iron Increased
TIBC Decreased
% Saturation Increased
Definition
Hemochromatosis
Term
Match the results with the condition:
Iron Decreased
TIBC Increased
% Saturation Decreased
Definition
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Term
Match the results with the condition:
Iron Decreased
TIBC Decreased
% Saturation Decreased
Definition
Anemia of Chronic Disease
Term
Given the Primary Function Name the Trace Element:
Collagen and RBC formation
Definition
Copper
Term
Given the Primary Function Name the Trace Element:
Wound healing, immune response, sensory
Definition
Zinc
Term
Given the Primary Function Name the Trace Element:
Constituent of Vit B12
Definition
Cobalt
Term
Given the Primary Function Name the Trace Element:
Aids insulin
Definition
Chromium
Term
Given the Primary Function Name the Trace Element:
Enzyme activator, reproduction
Definition
Manganese
Term
Given the Trace Element Name the Primary Function:
Copper
Definition
Collagen and RBC formation
Term
Given the Trace Element Name the Primary Function:
Zinc
Definition
Wound healing, immune response, sensory
Term
Given the Trace Element Name the Primary Function:
Cobalt
Definition
Constituent of Vit B12
Term
Given the Trace Element Name the Primary Function:
Chromium
Definition
Aids insulin
Term
Given the Trace Element Name the Primary Function:
Manganese
Definition
Enzyme activator, reproduction
Term
List the Reference Range for pH
Definition
7.34-7.45
Term
List the Reference Range for pCO2
Definition
35-45 mm Hg
Term
List the Reference Range for HCO3
Definition
22-26 mEq/L
Term
What is the major form of total CO2 in the blood?
Definition
Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Term
What is the normal ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid?
Definition
20:1
Term
What is the RBC buffering system that works with HCO3?
Definition
Chloride shift
Term
What blood gas is the respiratory component?
Definition
pCO2
Term
What organ regulates the respiratory component of blood gas?
Definition
Lungs
Term
What substance makes up the metabolic component?
Definition
HCO3
Term
What organ regulates the metabolic component of blood gas?
Definition
Kidneys
Term
What is the lungs response to metabolic acidosis?
Definition
Hyperventilation
Term
What is the kidneys response to metabolic alkalosis?
Definition
HCO3 is secreted
H+ is reabsorbed
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