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Exam 4: chapter 7
STUDY
19
Chemistry
11th Grade
11/17/2013

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Cards

Term
What is nuclear fission?
Definition
Nuclear fision is the large splitting of nuclei into smaller particles.
Term
Who gets the most electricity from Nuclear power plants?
Definition
France, with about 76%
Term
Can either U-238 or U-235 undergo nuclear fission?
Definition
Only U-235 can undergo nuclear fission.
Term
What is a chain reaction?
Definition
A chain reaction is a chemical reaction in which the product of one reaction becomes the reactant in the next
Term
What is critical mass?
Definition
critical mass is the amount of a substance needed for a chain reaction to occur
Term
How does a nuclear power plant operate?
Definition
[image]
Term
What is radioactivity?
Definition
Radioactivity is a spontanious emission of radiation by certain elements
Term

What is a beta particle?

an alpha particle?

a gamma ray?

Definition

A beta particle is a high speed electron. Beta particles can penetrate paper.

An alpha particle consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Alpha particles can barely penetrate paper.

A gamma ray is a ray that gives off electromagnetic radiation. Gamma rays can penetrate almost anything except lead.

Term
What is a radioactive decay series?
Definition
A characteristic pathway of radioactive decay that begins with a radioisotope and progresses through a series of steps to eventually produce a stable isotope.
Term
What happened at Chernobyl?
Definition
During a test on electricity in reactor 4, the power going to the reactor fell down to almost nonexistant levels. On top of that, the Boron filled control rods were lifted out of the reactor vessel, allowing for a rapid increase of heat, causing a meltdown, and chemical reaction, and ultimately, a chemical explosion.
Term
What happens if you get hit by radiation?
Definition
You get radiation sickness
Term
All types of radiation are ionizing radiation
Definition
Term
What is background radiation?
Definition
normal levels of radiation we are exposed to everyday. Radon is a major cause of this radiation
Term
Know this pie chart
Definition
[image]
Term

Radiation Absorbed dose = RAD

REM= Roentgen Equivalent Man

Definition
Term
What is enriched uranium?
Definition
Uranium that has a higher percent of U-235 than its natural abundance of about 0.7%
Term
Know the nuclear fuel cycle
Definition
[image]
Term
Radioactive + isotope = radioisotope
Definition
Term

Whar are control rods?

What is a primary coolant?

what is a moderator?

What is a secondary coolant?

Definition

Control rods- Rods made of an element that is a good neutron absorber.

Primary coolant- A coolant that comes in direct contact with the fuel rods

Moderator- in a nuclear reaction, something that slows the neutrons, thus making them more efficient in producing fission

Secondary coolant- The water in the steam generators that does not come in contact with the reactor

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