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Exam 4
Drugs for allerigic rhinitis & common cold, Drugs for asthma/COPD, Drugs for eye & ear disorders, Drugs for skin disorders
5
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 2
03/13/2011

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Definition
  • H1 receptor antagonist/antihistamine 
  • preventer
  • blocks histamine from reaching receptors
  • side effects: anitcholinergic symptoms (dry mouth, dry eyes, blurred vision, tacchycardia, urinary retention, constipation, headaches, confusion), drowsiness 
  • can cause excitability in children
  • 2nd generation H1 receptor antagonists such as Allegra, Zyrtec, & Claritin cause less side effects
  • monitor for paradoxical CNS stimulaiton
  • If giving IV, must give slowly (25 mg/min)
Term
Fluticasone (Flonase)
Definition
  • Intranasal glucocortocoid/anti-inflammatory
  • preventer
  • cause a decrease in inflammatory mediators, reduce tissue edema, and mild vasoconstriction
  • metered-spray device for consistent dosing
  • take 2-3 weeks for maximum effect 
  • side effects- intense burning & drying in nose - don't administer if membranes broken - could cause systemic response
  • monitor for signs of infection - decreased immune response
  • concurrent use with nasal decongestants increase risk for irritation
  • administration techniques: blow nose 1st, spray, do not swallow. Wait 1 minute between sprays, if 2 meds prescribed, wait 5 minutes between.
Term
Oxymetazolin (Afrin)
Definition
  • Decongestan/ Alpha 1 Stimulator -vasoconstriction
  • reliever
  • rebound congestion w/ nasal administration - don't use more than 3-5 days
  • increases HR & BP
  • educate client to avoid St. Johns Wort due to increase risk for HTN
  • often abused
Term
Pseudoephrine
Definition
  • decongestant/ Alpha 1 stimulator
  • cardiac/CNS side effects
  • causes systemic vasoconstriction, HTN, tacchycardia
  • contraindicated in patients with HTN
  • not for long term use
  • often abused 
  • avoid St. Johns Wort
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