Shared Flashcard Set

Details

exam 4
flashcards for exam 4
45
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
08/16/2011

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
mental health assessment, rule out medical causes like
Definition
central nervous system disorders, metabolic and electrolyte disturbances, infection, nutritional deficiency.
Term
Mini-Mental State Examination
Definition
what is the year, season, date, day month? where are we? Name three objects, have patient repeat. Spell world backwards. ask for 3 objects again. Name "pencil" and "watch". Repeat: "no ifs, ands or buts. Follow three-stage command. Read and obey the following: close your eyes. Write a sentence. copy the following design.
Term
common mental disorders
Definition
delirium, dementia, depression, anxiety
Term
Delirium
Definition
develops acutely, fluctuating levels of consciousness. reduced ability to maintain attention. Agitation or hypersomnolence. Extreme emotional lability. Cognitive deficits can occur.
Term
Delirium
Definition
is usually multifactorial. systemic illness. psychoactive medications can cause it. Risk factors for example: electrolyte abnormalities, infections, endocrine dysfunctions. liver failure, encephalopathy, renal failure,... pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease,CHF, tumors, strokes, seizures, deficiency states: thiamin, nicotinic or folic acid, B12
Term
Delirium causes, review meidication
Definition
anticholinergics, analgesics, steroids, anitparkinson, sedative, anticonvulsatns, antihistamines, antiarrhythmics, antihypertensives, antidepressants, antimicrobials, sympathomimetics
Term
Dementia
Definition
memory impairment and one of the following: aphasia (impaired language ability), apraxia (unable to perform movements when asked, disorder of brain and nervous system), agnosia (loss of ability to recognize shapes, people, ...), impaired executive functioning.
Term
screening for dementia
Definition
mini mental state exam (MMSE), clock drawing test (CDT), MIni-Cog, 7-Minute screen.
Term
potentially reversible dementias
Definition
drug toxicity, metabolic distrubances, normal pressure hydrocephalus, lesion, infectious process (meningitis, syphilis), vascular disease, endocrine disorder (thyroid, parathyroid), nutritional disease (B12, thiamine, folate), other (COPD, cHF, Liver Dz)
Term
depression screening tools
Definition
beck depression inventory, geriatric depression scale, patient health questionnaire
Term
vomiting
Definition
often one of the first signs of intercranial pressure, projectile, different from GI disturbance, possibly neurologic cause, brain tumor.
Term
LOC
Definition
is most important aspect of neurologic exam. the first thing to deteriorate. composed of arousal and awareness. assess first with speech, then touch, then noxious stimuli like nail bed pressure.
Term
normal pupil size
Definition
2-5mm
Term
aniscoria
Definition
1mm discrepancy in pupil size may exist and is considered normal finding, 15-17% of population
Term
decreased heart rate, increasing blood pressure, irregular respirations
Definition
may indicate increased intercranial pressure
Term
spinal nerves
Definition
olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, acoustic, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal
Term
II optic nerve
Definition
assess peripheral vision,visual acuity, snellen chart,
Term
cranial nerves 3, 4, 6
Definition
PERRLA, six cardinal positions of gaze
Term
cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal)
Definition
motor: clench teeth, assess masseter muscles, sensory touch: light: touch chin, cheek, forhead
Term
cranial nerve 7: facial
Definition
kiss mouth, eyeborows up, frown, smile, show teeth, puff cheeks
Term
Bells Palsy
Definition
dysfunction of facial nerved - uneven smile
Term
Cranial nerve 8
Definition
weber test (vibration on head), rinne test (vibration behind ear)
Term
cranial nerve 9 and 10: Glossopharyngeal, vagus
Definition
check mouth, uvula
Term
cranial nerve 11: spinal accessory
Definition
shrug shulders against resistance, turn head against resistance
Term
cranial nerve 12: hypoglossal
Definition
tongue out
Term
sensory nerves transmit
Definition
touch, pain, temp, vibration. Disorders of sensory nerves result in decreased sensation, may also result in loss of reflexes, position sense, balance. May cause neuropathic pain.
Term
stereogenosis
Definition
what is the thing in your hand (closed eyes)
Term
graphesthesia
Definition
draw something (8) on patients hands. Eyes closed.
Term
diseases that affect sensory nervous system
Definition
diabetes, herniated disk, guillain barre (immune system attacks nervous system), charcot marie tooth disease (inherited disorder, affects peripheral nerves), HIV neuropathy (peripheral nerve damage)
Term
cerebellum
Definition
involved in coordination of voluntary motor movement, balance and equilibrium and muscle tone
Term
hemiparesis
Definition
weakness on one side of the body
Term
babinski reflex
Definition
dorsiflexion of big toe and fanning of other toes is positive sign = should only happen in infants up to 6 months
Term
motor system
Definition
assess size, shape, symmetry, strength, test resisted motions, note involuntary movement: fibrillation, fasciculation, asterixis, tics, spasms, jerks
Term
cerebellar testing
Definition
Gait, Romberg, Finger to finger, finger to nose, rapid alternating movements, heel shin, Reflexes.
Term
myoclonus
Definition
muscle jerk or spasm
Term
chorea
Definition
involuntary, jerky movements
Term
meningeal signs
Definition
nuchal rigidity or neck stiffness, brudzinski sign, kernig sign
Term
pregnancy
Definition
increased migraines
Term
AA
Definition
higher risk CVA
Term
Tanner staging
Definition
1. preadolescent, 2. breast bud. 3 and 4. puberty, 5. mature breast
Term
testicular cancer
Definition
most common caucasian males 15-30 years
Term
prostate cancer
Definition
common in older males. most common in AA
Term
Testicular torsion
Definition
ER! Severe testicular pain. Can lead to loss of testis
Term
cryptorchydism
Definition
undescendet testicle
Term
TSE
Definition
start at 13 years old!
Supporting users have an ad free experience!