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Exam 3, Pt. 1
Motivation
40
Management
Undergraduate 1
07/31/2013

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Term
Motivation
Definition
process by which a person's efforts are energized, directed & sustained toward attaining a goal
Term
3 key elements in motivation
Definition
energy, direction, persistence
Term
Energy
Definition
measure of intensity/drive where the quality of the effort is considered
Term
Direction
Definition
favorable job performance when the effort is directed toward organizational goals
Term
Persistence
Definition
where employees keep putting forth effort to achieve those goals
Term
% of employees not excited about their work
Definition
73%
Term
Abraham Haslow
Definition
Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Term
Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Definition
1. physiological
2. safety
3. social
4. self-esteem
5. self-actualization
Term
Internal esteem factors
Definition
self-respect, autonomy, achievement
Term
External esteem factors
Definition
status, recognition, attention
Term
Low-order needs in Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Definition
physiological & safety
Term
High-order needs in Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Definition
social, self-esteem, & self-actualization
Term
Herzberg
Definition
2 Factor Theory
Term
2 Factor Theory
Definition
1. satisfaction or no satisfaction
2. dissatisfaction or no dissatisfaction
Term
What leads to job satisfaction vs. dissatisfaction?
Definition
satisfaction - motivators (the job itself).
dissatisfaction - hygiene factors (physical + psychological)
Term
Douglas McGregor
Definition
Theory X and Y
Term
Theory X
Definition
negative view (people are lazy)
Term
Theory Y
Definition
positive view (people enjoy work)
Term
McClelland
Definition
3 Needs Theory
Term
3 Needs Theory
Definition
1. need for achievement
2. need for power
3. need for affiliation
Term
Most effective manager based on 3 Needs Theory
Definition
high need for achievement; low need for affiliation
Term
Intrinsic motivation
Definition
driven by an interest in the task & exists within the individual
Term
Extrinsic motivation
Definition
the performance of an activity in order to attain an outcome (ex. money)
Term
Goal-Setting Theory
Definition
1. specific goals increase performance
2. difficult goals result in higher performance
Term
Most power feedback
Definition
self-generated feedback
Term
3 contingencies that influence goal performance
Definition
1. goal commitment
2. adequate self-efficacy
3. national culture
Term
Goal commitment
Definition
when goals are made public & are self-set
Term
Self-efficacy
Definition
an individual's belief that he/she is capable of performing a task
Term
To motivate, goals must have (5):
Definition
1. clarity
2. challenge
3. commitment
4. feedback
5. task complexity
Term
Job enrichment
Definition
the vertical expansion of a job by adding planning & evaluation responsibilities
Term
The Core Job Dimensions of Enriched Job Design
Definition
skill variety;
task identity;
task significance;
autonomy;
feedback
Term
Stacy Adams
Definition
Equity Theory
Term
Equity Theory
Definition
employees weigh what they put into a job situation (input) against what they get from it (outcome)
Term
3 perceptions in Equity Theory
Definition
1. inequity due to being under-rewarded
2. equity
3. inequity due to being over-rewarded
Term
Distributive justice
Definition
the degree to which the outcomes received from the organization are perceived to be fair
Term
Procedural justice
Definition
the degree to which fair decision-making procedures are used to arrive at a decision
Term
Interactional justice
Definition
the degree to which people are treated with respect, kindness, and dignity in interpersonal interactions
Term
Victor Vroom
Definition
Expectancy Model
Term
Expectancy Model
Definition
an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual
Term
3 variables in Expectancy Model
Definition
1. expectancy or effort-performance
2. instrumentality or performance-reward linkage
3. valence or attractiveness of reward
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