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| the scientific study of how a person's thoughts, feelings, and behavior are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others. |
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| changing one's own behavior to match that of other people. |
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| changing one's behavior at the command of an authority figure. |
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| a tendency to respond positively or negatively toward a certain person, object, idea, or situation. |
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| a set of characteristics that people believe is shared by all members of a particular social category. |
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| negative attitude held by a person about the members of a particular social group. |
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| treating people differently becuase of prejudice toward the social group to which they belong. |
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| the tendency of one's expectations to affect one's behavior in such a way as to make the expectations more likely to occur. |
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| physical or geographical nearness. |
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| type of love consisting of intimacy and passion. |
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| type of love consisting of intimacy and commitment. |
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| prosocial behavior that is done with no expectation of reward and may involve the risk of harm to oneself. |
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| diffusion of responsibility |
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Definition
| occurring when a person fails to take responsibility for actions or for inaction because of the presence of other people who are seen to share the responsibility. |
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| the enduring characteristics with which each person is born. |
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| the unique and relatively stable ways in which people think, feel, and behave. |
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| level of mind in which thoughts, feelings, memories, and other information are kept that are not easily or voluntarily brought into the conscious mind. |
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| part of the personality present at birth and completely unconscious. |
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| part of the personality that develops out of a need to deal with reality, mostly conscious, rational, and logical. |
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| part of the personality that acts as a moral center. |
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| Freud's term for both the theory of personality and the therapy based on it. |
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| the tendency for people to assume that they either have control or do not have control over events and consequences in their lives. |
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| the "third force" in psychology that focuses on those aspects of personality that make people uniquely human, such as subjective feelings and freedom of choice. |
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| self-actualizing tendency |
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Definition
| the striving to fulfull one's innate capacities and capabilities. |
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| unconditional positive regard |
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Definition
| positive regard that is given without conditions or strings attached. |
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| a person who is in touch with and trusting of the deepest, innermost urges, and feelings. |
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| a consistent, enduring way of thinking, feeling, or behaving. |
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| the co-occurrence of two or more disorders in the same person at the same time. |
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| the study of abnormal behavior. |
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| anything that does not allow a person to function within or adapt to the stresses and everyday demands of life. |
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| any pattern of behavior that causes people significant distress, causes them to harm others, or harms the ability to function in daily life. |
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| disorders in which the main symptom is excessive or unrealistic anxiety and fearfulness. |
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| an irrational, persistent fear of an object, situation, or social activity. |
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| fear of interacting with others or being in social situations that might lead to a negative evaluation. |
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| fear of objects or specific situations or events. |
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Definition
| fear of being in a small, enclosed space. |
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| fear of being in a place or situation from which escape is difficult or impossible. |
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| sudden onset of intense panic in which multiple physical symptoms of stress occur, often with feelings that one is dying. |
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Definition
| disorder in which panic attacks occur frequently enough to cause the person difficulty in adjusting to daily life. |
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Term
| obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD) |
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Definition
| disorder in which intruding, recurring thoughts or obsessions create anxiety that is relieved by performing a repetitive, ritualistic behavior compulsion. |
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| generalized anxiety disorder |
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Definition
| disorder in which a person has feelings of dread and impending doom along with physical symptoms of stress, which lasts six months or more. |
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| in psychology a term indicating "emotion" or "mood". |
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| severe depression that comes on suddenly and seems to have no external cause. |
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| disorders in which mood is severely disturbed. |
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| severe mood swings between major depressive episodes and manic episodes. |
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| severe disorder in which the person suffers from disordered thinking, bizarre behavior, hallucinations, and inability to distinguish between fantasy and reality. |
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Definition
| false beliefs held by a person who refuses to accept evidence of their falseness. |
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| false sensory perceptions, such as hearing voices that do not really exist. |
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Definition
| disorders in which a person adopts a persistent,rigid, and maladaptive pattern of behavior that interferes with normal social interactions. |
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Term
| antisocial personality disorder |
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Definition
| disorder in which a person has no morals or conscience and often behaves in an impulsive manner without regard for the consequences of that behavior. |
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Definition
| treatment methods aimed at making people feel better and function more effectively. |
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| therapy for mental disorders in which a person with a problem talks with a professional. |
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Definition
| an insight therapy based on the theory of Freud, emphasizing the revealing of unconscious conflicts. |
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Term
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Definition
| form of directive insight therapy in which the therapist helps clients to accept all parts of their feelings and subjective experiences, using leading questions and planned experiences such as role-playing. |
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Definition
| learning through the observation and imitation of others. |
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Definition
| the strengthening of a response by following it with a pleasurable consequence or the removal of an unpleasant stimulus. |
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| therapy in which the focus is on helping clients recognize distortions in their thinking and replace distorted, unrealistic beliefs with more realistic, helpful thoughts. |
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Term
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Definition
| action therapies based on the principles of classical and operant conditioning and aimed at changing disordered behavior without concern for the original causes of social behavior. |
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| a form of group therapy in which family members meet together with a counselor or therapist to resolve problems that affect the entire family. |
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| a group composed of people who have similar problems and who meet together without a therapist or counselor for the purpose of discussion, problem solving, and social and emotional support. |
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Definition
| therapy style that results from combining elements of several different therapy techniques. |
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