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Exam 3
Vesicular Diseases
47
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
04/10/2016

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Cards

Term
What are the four important vesicular diseases?
Definition
1) Vesicular stomatitis
2) Vesicular Exanthema of Swine
3) Foot and MOuth Disease
4) Swine Vesibular Disease
Term
Can the four important vesicular diseases be clinically differentiated from each other?
Definition
-no
Term
Which vesicular disease is present in the US? Which virus is it closely related to that is endemic in sea mammals off the coast of CA?
Definition
-Vesicular Exanthema of Swine
-San Miguel Sea Lion virus
Term
Which of the 4 vesicular diseases are reportable?
Definition
-ALL OF THEM
Term
Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a ______ type of virus belonging to the virus family ______.
Definition
-vesiculovirus
-Rhabdoviridae
Term
Which animals are affected by vesicular stomatitis virus?
Definition
-horses, cattle, and pigs but can also infect man
Term
What are the characteristic clinical signs of vesicular stomatitis virus?
Definition
-development of vesicles in the mouth, feet, and on the teats
Term
What are the two serotypes of Vesicular Stomatitis?
Definition
-Inidana and New Jersey
Term
Describe the geography of vesicular stomatitis virus.
Definition
-Wester Hemisphere
Term
In which animal is vesicular stoamtitis virus most often diagnosed clinically?
Definition
-horses
Term
How is Vesicular Stomatitis virus transmitted?
Definition
-sand flies (eye gnats) and black flies along river drainages
Term
Describe the seasonality of vesicular stomatitis outbreaks.
Definition
-late summer and fall
Term
How is vesicular stomatitis transmitted during an outbreak?
Definition
-through saliva and vesicular fluid through mucosa or broken skin
Term
What is the incubation period of vesicular stomatis?
Definition
-about a week
Term
What are the clinical signs of vesicular stomatitis?
Definition
-fever, anorexia, and excess salivation first
-then mild fever with profuse ropy salive
-vesicles on dorsum of tongue, dental pads, buccal mucosa, teats, coronary bands
-lameness
Term
Describe the morbidity and mortality rates of vesicular stomatitis. How quickly do they recover?
Definition
-Morbidity = 10-80%
-Mortality = 0%
-recovery in 3-4 days
Term
Which samples do we collect for treatment of vasicular stomatitis?
Definition
-vesicular fluid and paired serum samples for RT_PCR and virus isolation
Term
How do we control vesicular stomatitis?
Definition
-control movement of sick animals
-vaccination in high producing dairy herds
Term
Give a general discription of vesicular exanthema of swine (VES).
Definition
-an acute, febrile, contagious disease of swine characterized by the formation of vesicles on the snout, in the mouth, and on the feet
Term
What is the incubation period of vesicular exanthema of swine (VES)?
Definition
-incubation period = 18-72 hors
Term
Describe the morbidity and mortality rates of vesicular exanthema of swine.
Definition
-high morbidity, low mortality
Term
What kind of virus is responsible for vesicular exanthema of swine?
Definition
-calicivirus
Term
Where does vesicular exanthema of swine occur geographically? Describe its prevelance.
Definition
-msotly in the US
-eradicated
Term
How is exanthema of swine diagnosed?
Definition
-RT-CR and virus isolation on vesicualr fluid
Term
How do we prevent exanthema of swine from spreading?
Definition
-quaratnine, slaughter all animals, restrict animal movement, disinfect (2% sodium hydroxide solution), may immunize with formalin inactivated vaccines
Term
Is exanthema of swine zoonotic? How does it present in humans?
Definition
-yes
-severe conjunctivitis
Term
How can VESV and San Miguel Sea Lion Virus (SMSV) be distinguished?
Definition
-Virus neutralizaiton test
Term
What are the clinical signs of San Miguel Sea Lion Virus?
Definition
-abortions and vesicular lesions in the moth and on the flippers of sea lions
Term
Which animals are affected by foot and mouth disease?
Definition
-cloven-footed animals
Term
Why is foot and mouth disease important?
Definition
-responzible for tremendous loss in production
Term
What kind of virus is responsible for foot and mouth disease? To what viral family does it belong?
Definition
-Aphtovirus
-Picorvaviridae
Term
How many subtypes of Foot and mouth disease are there? Why is this important clinically?
Definition
-over 70
-each are antigenically edifferent enough that they need different vaccines
Term
Where is foot and mouth disease geographically?
Definition
-Africa, Asia, Europe, and most of South America
Term
Describe the morbidity and mortality of FMD.
Definition
-high morbidity and low mortality (<3%)
Term
Do recovered cattle remain carriers of FMD?
Definition
-may remain carriers with virus recovered in the epi cells lining the pharynx and esophagus
Term
Where can most outbreaks of FMD be traced?
Definition
-to illegal importation of infected emat products or animals
Term
How id FMD transmitted?
Definition
-saliva and body fluids = direct contant, fomites, inhalation, ingestion
Term
What is the incubation period of FMD?
Definition
-2-4 days
Term
What aret eh clinical signs of FMD in cattle?
Definition
-lameness, smacking of lips and salivation, vesicles may appear in mouth/muzzle/feet/teats/udder
-in calves death may occur due to myocarditis
Term
What are the clinical signs of FMD in pigs?
Definition
-lameness and vesicles on snout
Term
What samples do we submit for the diagnosis of FMD?
Definition
-vesicular fluid and epithelial covering
Term
What happens after an animal recovers from FMD?
Definition
-good immunity after recovery
Term
How do we prevent FMD in countries with it?
Definition
-inactivated vaccine
Term
What do we detect to distinguish FMD-vaccinated animals and FMD-infeted animals?
Definition
-Virus Infection Associated Ag (RNA polymerase enzyme that will not be present in vaccinated animals)
Term
What kind of virus is responsible for Swine Vesicular Disease? To which viral family does it belong?
Definition
-enterovirus
-Picornaviridae
Term
Which virus is responsible for seine vesicular disease?
Definition
-porcine enterovirus type -
Term
What are the clinical signs of swine vesicular disease?
Definition
-vesicular lesions in the mouth and on the feet
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