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Exam 2
FHV & FCV
43
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
03/02/2016

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Cards

Term
What virus is responsible for feline rhinotracheitis?
Definition
-Feline Herpes Virus 1
Term
True or False: Due to the widespread use of vaccines against FHV-1, respiratory disease aused by FHV-1 is no longer widespread.
Definition
-FALSE, respiratory disease caused by FHV-1 is still widespread and occurs throughout the world
Term
In which situation is Feline Rhinotracheitis due to FHV-1 occur more frequently?
Definition
-younger cats in situation where cats are grouped together
Term
What explains the high incidence of respiratory disease in cat colonies?
Definition
-the ease by which spreads between infected and non-infected cats
Term
How is FHV-1 transmitted?
Definition
-primarily through contact with oro-nasal secretions and by aerosol dropley
Term
FRV is a _______ kind of virus and will ______ infect cats that have become infected and have recovered from the infection.
Definition
-herpes virus
-latently
Term
What can induce recrudescence and FRV shedding?
Definition
-stressors such as change in housing, shows, boarding, treatment with glucocorticoids, etc
Term
How do maternal antibodies interat with FRV?
Definition
-maternal immunity does not fully protect young kittens from infection
-pregnant queens at time of parturition will often secrete FHV-1 in their nasal secretions, which can result in infection in young kittens
Term
True or False: Cats that are latently infected with FRV that shed are often clinically normal.
Definition
-TRUE
Term
Where does FHV-1 replicate in the body?
Definition
-mucosa of the nasal turbinate conjunctiva, nasopharynx, and tonsils
Term
How long does FHV-1 shedding last?
Definition
-1-3w
Term
What disease does FHV-1 cause in young kittens? Clinical signs?
Definition
-acute upper respiratory tract disease
-lethargy, sneezing, nasal discharge, conjunctivitis (runny eyes), anorexia, weight loss, keratitis with corneal ulceration, necrosis of the nasal turbinate, ulcerative glossitis may also be noted during severe infections
Term
What is descementocele?
Definition
-an ulcer that penetrates the corneal stroma to reach the descemet's mejbrane
Term
True or False: Once infected with FRV, cats will remain latently infected and will become lifelong carriers of the virus.
Definition
-TRUE
Term
Which clinical signs are suggesstive of FHV-1?
Definition
-sneezing in young kittens accompanied by upper respiratory signs accompanied by conjunctivitis and keratitis
Term
What is the most sensitive test for FHV-1? When should you take the samples?
Definition
-PCR
-within the first week of illness
Term
True or False: Cats immune to FHV-1 may still become infected and shed virus although they will show no signs of disease.
Definition
-TRUE
Term
Do maternal antibodies protect kittens from FHV-1 infection?
Definition
-NO, although it may result in a less severe infection
Term
What kind of vaccine do we have for FHV-1? How is it administered?
Definition
-MLV
-parentally, intranasal vaccines, and inactivated vaccines are available
Term
How effective is the FHV-1 MLV in protecting against infection?
Definition
-NOT
-important to stress that vaccines can offer protection against disase, but not agaisnt infection and carrier state
Term
What viral family and genus does Feline Calicivirus belong to?
Definition
-Family = Calciviridae
-Genus = Calcivirus
Term
Describe the size, geometry, and genus of Feline Calicivirus.
Definition
=small non-enveloped RNA virus with icosahedral symmetry
Term
Describe the distribution of Feline calicivirus.
Definition
-widespread and worldwide
Term
In what kind of cats does FCV occur? In what environments?
Definition
-younger cats
-in situations where cats are grouped together
Term
How is FCV transmitted?
Definition
-aerosol droplet, contact with oro-nasal secretions, and indirectly via contaminated feeding and watering utensils
Term
FCV can persist in the __(anatomical locaiton)__ of some cats that recover from infection.
Definition
-oropharyx
Term
Describe the carrier state of FCV.
Definition
-FCV can persist in the oropharynx or constant virus excretion in the saliva and nasal secretions
Term
How does FIV affect FCV?
Definition
-it can potentiate the carrier state
Term
How does the virulence of the strain of FCV affect the location of replication.
Definition
-FCV replicates predominantly in the oral and respiratory tissues, but more highly virulent strains favor different tissues (ex: oral mucosa, alveolar cells, with some strains infecting jjoints)
Term
What is the most prominent feature of FCV infection?
Definition
-oral ulceration
Term
In addition to oral ulceration, what other oral signs are often associated with FCV? In what percentage of cats?
Definition
-chronic stomatitis/gingivitis
-80%
Term
What are the 3 clinical syndromes are associated with FCV?
Definition
1) an acute or sub-acute respiratory disease of young cats
2) acute arthritis
3) acute systemic disease with high mortality
Term
Describe the clinical signs that characterize the acute/sub-acute respiratory disease form of FCV.
Definition
-fever, mild conjunctivitis and nasal discharge, with vesicles and/or ulcers of the oral epithelium, pneumonia sometimes
-some show anorexia, lethargy, fever, stiff gait, and lameness
Term
True or False: The acute arthritis form of FCV can occur without evidence of respiratory disease.
Definition
-TRUE
Term
Describe the onset of clinical signs due to the acute arthritis form of FCV.
Definition
-lameness is typically of acute onset and accompanied by fever
Term
Describe the outbreaks due to the acute systemic disease with high mortality form of FCV?
Definition
-strains appear suddenly and disappear as suddenly
Term
What are the clinical signs due to the acute systemic disease with high mortality form of FCV?
Definition
-facial and limb edema, ulceration of the nose/pinnae/footpads, accompanied by high mortality
Term
True or False: Cats vaccinated with the FCV vaccine available commercially succumb to infections with these highly virulent feline caliciviruses.
Definition
-TRUE
Term
The acute systemic disease form of FCV is often accompanied by high morbidity and mortality may reach 50% depending on ______ causing disease.
Definition
-viral strain
Term
True or False: Concerning FCV, the high rate of mutation during virus replication generates strains that vary greatly genetically and antigenically: highly virulent strains may arise under conditions where cats are congegates such as in animals shelters, cases of highly virulent systemic infections usually originate from "shelter" cats.
Definition
-TRUE
Term
What clinical signs is very indicative of FCV?
Definition
-oral ulceration
Term
Maternal antibodies will protect kittens from FCV for up to ___ weeks of age.
Definition
-14
Term
What kind of vaccines do we have for FCV? How is it administered?
Definition
-MLV
-administered parentally, intranasal vacicnes, and inactivated vaccines are available
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