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Exam 2
Babies, Milestones, Birth
63
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
03/13/2013

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Cards

Term
by first birthday, _______ of infants sleep thorugh the "night" which means __________
Definition
80%
61/2 hours
Term
How long do new borns sleep?
how much of it is REM?
Definition
15-17 hours
1/2
Term
co-sleeping:
Definition
bed sharing
Term
co-sleeping babies _______, but sleep well
Definition
wake up more often
Term
by age two, kids are ______ heavier than at birth
reach _____ of adult height
brains are _____ of their adult weight
Definition
4 times
1/2
3/4
Term
transient exuberance:
Definition
proliferation of synaptic connections between neurons in early childhood
Term
pruning:
Definition
loss of connections in brain when not being used
Term
maturation:
Definition
unfolding of the brain
Term
stimulating experiences:
Definition
determines what is pruned and what is kept
Term
Measurement of the developmental quotient?
Definition
the bayley scales
Term
experiences expectant event:
Definition
expectant events means your brain has to have it during a critical time to develop
Term
How do we know babies sense?
1
2
3
Definition
direct measurement of brain activity
coding facial expressions
habituation
Term
habituation:
Definition
babies have seen it enough, get bored and look away
Term
babies come into this world ready to lock on ________
Definition
visually to faces
Term
2 weeks old, babies like ________
Definition
contrasts the best, not necesarily the face
Term
but at 6 weeks old, babies prefer _________
Definition
face like features
Term
newborns see _______ and at 3-4 months, __________ is like that of adults
Definition
dulled colors
color vision
Term
gross motor skill:
Definition
large muscle movements
Term
sitting unsupported:
Definition
about 6 months
Term
crawling:
Definition
8-10 months
Term
standing alone:
Definition
about 12 months
Term
walking well:
Definition
about 13 months
Term
swiping without grasping:
Definition
3 months
Term
grabbing/grasping becomes well controlled
Definition
4-6 months
Term
compulsive grabbing:
Definition
6-9 months
Term
pincer grasp:
Definition
9-12 months
Term
the pincer grasp is
Definition
the index finger and thumb
Term
fine motor movements are:
Definition
small muscle movements
Term
head-sparing:
Definition
mechanism that protects the brain when malnutrition affects body growth
Term
Jean Piaget's sensorimotor stage:
Definition
adaptation of schemas is "the essence of intelligence" from this stage on
Term
_________ and ___________ are in piaget's sensorimotor stage
Definition
accommodation
assimilation
Term
circular reaction:
Definition
repetitive action/behavioral loop
Term
primary circular reaction:
Definition
about the body
Term
secondary circular reaction:
Definition
about people/objects/environment
Term
tertiary circular stage:
Definition
repeating with variation
Term
Primary circular reactions are stage ___ and ____
Definition
1 and 2
Term
stage 1 is the ________ month and
Definition
first
reflexive schemes (don't do much but react reflexively)
Term
stage 2 is ____to_____ months and
Definition
1-4
accomodations of reflexes "this is thinking!"
Term
stage 3 and 4 are __________
Definition
secondary circular reactions
Term
stage 3 is ____to_____ months and
Definition
4-8
heightened awareness of people/objects. making tinteresting things last
Term
stage 4 is ____to___ months and
Definition
8-12
more planned behavior/purposeful actions
Term
stages 5 and 6 are ____________
Definition
tertiary circular reactions
Term
stage 5 is ____ to___ months and
Definition
12-18
"little scientists"
experiment with trial and error
Term
stage 6 is ____to____ and
Definition
18 to 24
mental combos, thinking before doing
pretending/deferred imitation
repeating
Term
piaget was right about the _______, but wrong with the ________ because children get skills earlier than he thought
Definition
sequence
timing
Term
do babies have depth perception?
Definition
yes
Term
affordances:
Definition
opportunities for interaction/perception
Term
newborn language milestone:
Definition
reflexive communication
Term
at 2 months, babies make ___________
Definition
meaningful noises
Term
at 3-6 months, babies make ___________
Definition
new sounds
Term
at 6-9 months, babies ________
Definition
babble
pointing
repetition of consonant and vowel sounds
Term
at 10 months, the infant will ______
Definition
follow mothers gaze
Term
at 10-12 months,
Definition
babies start to comprehend language
Term
at 12 months,
Definition
first spoken word
Term
holophrase:
Definition
single word that expresses a complete, meaningful thought
Term
between 13 and 18 months, a baby can speak
Definition
50 words
Term
21 months:
Definition
first 2 word sentence
Term
24 months:
Definition
multiword sentences
Term
explicit memory:
Definition
memories you can talk about
Term
implicit memory:
Definition
memory you can't recall till a stimulus brings it up
Term
from birth, babies have ______ memory
Definition
implicit
Term
part of brain important for explicit?
Definition
hippocampus
Term
what affects infant memory:
1
2
3
Definition
familiarity
motivation
retreival aids
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