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Exam 2 Pirkle
ch 10
23
Management
Undergraduate 3
03/22/2009

Additional Management Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
content perspectives
Definition
approach to motivation that tries to answer the question:  what factor or factors motivate ppl?
Term
two-factor theory of motivation
Definition
suggests that ppl's satisfaction and dissatisfaction are influenced by two independent sets of factors==motivation factors and hygiene factors
Term
need for achievement
Definition
desire to accomplish a goal or task more effectively that in the past
Term
need for affiliation
Definition
desire for human companionship and acceptance
Term
process perspectives
Definition
approaches to motivation that focus on why ppl choose certain behavioral options to fulfill their needs and how they evaluate their satisfaction after they have attained these goals
Term
expectancy theory
Definition
suggests that motivation depends on two things--how much we want something and how much we think we are to get it
Term
effort-to-performance expectancy
Definition
indiv's perception of the probability that effort will lead to high performance
Term
performance-to-outcome expectancy
Definition
indiv's perception that performance will lead to a specific outcome
Term
outcomes
Definition
consequences of behaviors in an org setting, usually rewards
Term
valence
Definition

index of how much an indiv desires a particular outcome

 

the attractiveness of the outcome to the indiv

Term
equity theory
Definition
suggests that ppl are motivated to seek social equity in the rewards they recieve for performance
Term
reinforcement theory
Definition
approach to motivation that argues that behavior that results in rewarding consequences is likely to be repeated, whereas behavior that results in punishing consequences is less likely to be repeated
Term
extinction
Definition
used to weaken undersired behavior by ignoring
Term
behavior modification
Definition
method for applying the basic elements of reinforcement theory in an org setting
Term
empowerment
Definition
process of enabling workers to set their own work goals, make decisions, and solve problems within their sphere of responsibility and authority
Term
participation
Definition
process of giving employees a voice in making decisions about their own work
Term
reward system
Definition
formal and informal mechanisms by which an employee performance is defined, evaluated and rewarded
Term
merit pay
Definition
pay awarded to employees on the basis of relative value of their contributions to the org
Term
merit pay plan
Definition
compensation plan that formally bases at least some meaningful portion of compensation on merit
Term
piece-rate incentive plan
Definition
reward system wherein the org pays an employee a certain amount of money for every unit he produces
Term
gainsharing programs
Definition
designed to share the cost savings from productivity improvements w/ employees
Term
scanlon plan
Definition
similar to gainsharing, but the distribution of gains is tilted much more heavily toward employees
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