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Exam 1: Chapter 3
Integumentary System
96
Nursing
Professional
08/05/2013

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Term
Actinic keratoses
Definition
localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive eposure to sunlight, a known precursor to cancer (actinic=ray; solar=sunlight)
Term
Alopecia
Definition
baldness; natural or unnatural deficiency of hair
Term
Antibiotic
Definition
a drug that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms
Term
Antifungal
Definition
a drug that kills or prevents the growth of fungi
Term
Antipruritic
Definition
a drug that relieves itching
Term
Anesthetic
Definition
a drug that temporarily blocks transmission of nerve conduction to produce a loss of sensations (e.g., pain)
Term
Arthalgia
Definition
joint pain
Term
Atrophy
Definition
shrinking of muscle size
Term
Autograft
Definition
graft transfer to a new position in the body of the same person (auto=self)
Term
Burn
Definition
injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases
Term
1st Degree Burn
Definition
a burn involving only the epidermis; characterized by erythema (redness) and hyperesthesia (excessive sensation)
Term
2nd Degree Burn
Definition
a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis; characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia, and vesications (blisters)
Term
3rd Degree Burn
Definition
a burn involving all layers of the skin; characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis, with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue
Term
Chemotherapy
Definition
treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents that destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
Term
Collagen
Definition
protein substance in skin and connective tissue (koila=glue; gen=producing)
Term
Curettage
Definition
cleaning; scraping a wound using a spoon like cutting instrument called curette; used for debridement
Term
Cutane/o
Derm/o
Dermat/o
Definition
sking
Term
Cutaneous Iupus
Definition
limited to the skin; evidenced by characteristic rash especially on the face, neck, and scalp
Term
Debridement
Definition
removal of dead tissue from a wound or burn site to promote healing and to prevent infection
Term
Depigmentation
Definition
loss of melanin pigment in the skin
Term
Dermabrasion
Definition
surgical removal of epidermis frozen by aerosol spray using wire brushes and emery papers to remove scars, tattoos, and or wrinkles
Term
Dermatitis
Definition
inflammation of the skin characterized by erythema, pruritus (itching), and various lesions
Term
Electrocautery
Definition
use of an instrument heated by an electric current (cautery) to coagulate bleeding areas by burning the tissue (e.g., to sear a blood vessel)
Term
Erythema
Definition
redness of skin
Term
Furuncle
Definition
boil; a painful nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in a hair follicle; caused by staph
Term
Gangrene
Definition
an eating sore; death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply
Term
Herpes simplex virus 1
Definition
transient viral vesicle (e.g., cold sores or fever blisters) that infect the facial area, especially the mouth and nose (herpes=creeping skin disease)
Term
Herpes simplex virus 2
Definition
sexually transmitted, ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress
Term
Herpes Zoster
Definition
a viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin following affected nerves, usually unilateral; also known as shingles (zoster=girdle)
Term
Heterograft
Xenograft
Definition
graft transfer between different species, such as from animal to human (hetero=different; xeno=strange)
Term
Homograft
Allograft
Definition
donor transfer between persons of the same species, such as human to human (homo=same)
Term
Hyperpigmentation
Definition
darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin
Term
Hypopigmentation
Definition
areas of skin lacking color because of deficient amounts of melanin
Term
Impetigo
Definition
a highly contagious skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted, most often around the mouth and nostrils
Term
Incision and drainage (I&D)
Definition
incision and drainage of an infected skin lesion (e.g., an abscess)
Term
Integumentary system
Definition
skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands
Term
Kaposi's sarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of the walls of blood vessels, appearing as painless, dark bluish-purple plaques on the skin; often spreads to they lymph nodes and internal organs; commonly seen in patients with HIV/AIDS
Term
Keratoses
Definition
thickened areas of epidermis
Term
Keratin
Definition
hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails
Term
Laser surgery
Definition
surgery using a laser in various dermatologic procedures to remove lesions, scars, tattoos, etc.
Term
Melanin
Definition
dark brown to black pigment contained in melanocytes
Term
Myc/o
Definition
fungus
Term
Onych/o
Definition
nail
Term
Paronychia
Definition
inflammation of the nail fold
Term
Pediculosi
Pediculosis
Definition
infestation with lice that causes itching and dermatitis (pediculo=louse)
Term
Lesion
Definition
an area of pathologically altered tissue; the two types of lesions are primary and secondary
Term
Primary Lesion
Definition
lesions arising from previously normal skin
Term
Macule
Macula
Definition
a flat, discolored spot on the skin up to 1 cm across (e.g., a freckle)
Term
Patch
Definition
a flat, discolored area on the skin larger than 1 cm (e.g., vitiligo)
Term
Papule
Definition
a solid mass on the skin up to 0.5 cm in diameter (e.g., a nevus [mole])
Term
Plaque
Definition
a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter and limited to the surface of the skin
Term
Nodule
Definition
a solid mass greater than 1 cm that extends deeper into the epidermis
Term
Tumor
Definition
a solid mass larger than 1-2 cm
Term
Wheal
Definition
an area of localized skin edema (swelling) (e.g., a hive)
Term
Vesicle
Definition
little bladder; an elevated, fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis up to 0.5 cm in diameter (e.g., a fever blister)
Term
Bulla
Definition
a blister larger than 0.5 cm (e.g., a second-degree burn) (bulla=bubble)
Term
Pustule
Definition
a pus-filled sac (e.g., a pimple)
Term
Secondary Lesions
Definition
lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
Term
Erosion
Definition
gnawed away; loss of superficial epidermis, leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding (e.g., area of moisture after rupture of a vesicle)
Term
Ulcer
Definition
an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar; sometimes accompanied by infection (e.g., decubitus ulcer)
Term
Excoriation
Definition
a scratch mark
Term
Fissure
Definition
a linear crack in the skin
Term
Scale
Definition
a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis (e.g., dandruff)
Term
Crust
Definition
a dried residue of serum (body liquid), pus, or blood on the skin (e.g., as seen in impetigo)
Term
Vascular Lesions
Definition
lesions of a blood vessel
Term
Cherry Angioma
Definition
a small, round, bright red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly
Term
Telangiectasia
Spider Angioma
Definition
a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole, most commonly on the face, neck, or chest (telos=end)
Term
Purpuric Lesions
Definition
purpura; lesions resulting from hemorrhages into the skin
Term
Petechia
Definition
spot; reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spots on the skin that indicate a bleeding tendency; a small purpura
Term
Ecchymosis
Definition
bruise; a black and blue mark; a large purpura (chymo=juice)
Term
Cicatrix of the Skin
Definition
a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound, showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue (cicatrix=scar)
Term
Keloid
Definition
an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular (kele=tumor)
Term
Epidermal Tumors
Definition
skin tumors arising from the epidermis
Term
Nevus
Definition
a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular; also called a mole
Term
Dysplastic Nevus
Definition
a mole with precancerous changes
Term
Verruca
Definition
an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus, also called a wart
Term
Pruritus
Definition
severe itching
Term
Psoriasis
Definition
itching; a chronic recurrent skin disease marked by silvery sclaes covering red patches, papules, and/or plaques on the skin that result from overproduction and thickening of skin cells; common sites of involvement are the elbows, knees, genitals, arms, legs, scalp, and nails
Term
Radiation Therapy
Definition
treatment of neoplastic disease using ionizing radiation to deter the proliferation of malignant cells
Term
Reubella
Definition
reddish; German measles
Term
Rubeola
Definition
reddish; 14-day measles
Term
Scabies
Definition
a contagious disease caused by a parasite (mite) that invades the skin, causing an intense itch, most often at articulations between the fingers or toes, elbow, etc. (scabo=to scratch)
Term
Scler/o
Definition
hard
Term
Sclero Therapy
Definition
use of sclerosing agents in treating diseases (e.g., injection of a saline solution into a dilated blood vessel tumor in the skin, resulting in hardening of the tissue within and eventual sloughing away of the lesion)
Term
Sebaceous glands
Definition
oil glands in the skin
Term
Seborrhea
Definition
a skin condition marked by the hypersecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
Term
Sebum
Definition
oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands
Term
Skin Graft
Definition
transfer of skin from one body site to another to replace skin that has been lost through a burn or injury
Term
Squam/o
Definition
scale
Term
Sudoriferous Glands
Definition
sweat glands (sudor=sweat; ferre=to bear)
Term
Suppuration
Definition
Term
Tinea
Definition
a group of fungal skin diseases identified by the body part affected, including tinea corporis (body), commonly called ringworm, and tinea pedis (foot), also called athlete's foot
Term
Trich/o
Definition
hair
Term
Ultraviolet therapy
Definition
use of ultraviolet life to promote healing of a skin lesion
Term
Urticaria
Definition
hives; an eruption of wheals on the skin accompanied by itching (urtica=stinging nettle)
Term
Varicella
Definition
a tiny spot; chicken pox
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