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Exam 1
Juveniles
27
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
02/08/2016

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
How do we distinguish between osteochondrosis and osteochondritis dissecans?
Definition
-OC = no flap or fragment
-OCD = flap or chip present
Term
What age group of animals get OC? Why does it occur?
Definition
-developmental disease: 6-9m
-failure of endochondral ossification: articular cartilage and subchondral bone
Term
What breeds are predisposed to OC? Is it bilateral or unilateral?
Definition
-large breed, rapidly growing dogs
-bilateral
Term
What are the radiographic signs of osteochondral lesions? What about OCD specifically?
Definition
-flattening or concave defect of subchondral bone, surrounding sclerosis
-OCD: adjacent mineral body, osteochondral flap or fragment in joint
Term
What are the typical canine locations of osteochrondral lesions?
Definition
-caudal humeral head
-medial humeral condyle
-femoral condyles
-femoral trochlea
-trochlear ridges of the talus
Term
What is elbow dysplasia?
Definition
-developmental condition cuased by joing incongruity and/or osteochondrosis
Term
Elbow dysplasia has one or more of 4 different presentations. What are they?
Definition
-ununited anconeal process
-fragmented medial coronoid process
-OCD of medial aspect of humeral condyle
-primary joint incongruency
Term
What does elbow dysplasia result in?
Definition
-earl OA/DJD
Term
What is the most frequently seen elbow dz?
Definition
-fragmented medial coronoid process
Term
What view do we use to best visualize elbow dysplasia?
Definition
-flexed lateral view
Term
What does a fragmented medial coronoid process (FMCP) look like?
Definition
-instead of the normal triangle, it is all ownky
Term
The anconeal proceess and olecranon should be united by ___ days of age.
Definition
-150
Term
Which breeds are predisposed to avascular necrosis?
Definition
-toy and small breed
Term
What is avascular necrosis? Where does it happen? Treatment?
Definition
-damaged blood supply to femoral head causes bone necrosis
-when revascularization occurs, removal of necrotic bone causes permanent deformation of head
Term
Which types of dogs are predisposed to canine panosteitis?
Definition
-large breeds: German shepherds and Basset Hounds
Term
What is the age group is most predisposed to canine panosteitis?
Definition
-5 months to 2y
Term
What are the clinical signs of canine panosteitis?
Definition
-shifting leg lameness, recurrent bouts
Term
What does canine panosteitis look like on a radiograph?
Definition
-circumscribed areas of increased opacity in diaphyseal medullary cavity
-often near nutrient foramen
Term
Is Hypertrophic osteodystrophy localized or systemic? Which breeds are predipsoed? Age?
Definition
-systemic (sometimes severe)
-large or giant breeds
-around 4m
Term
What does Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy look like radiographically?
Definition
-transverse radiolucet lines in metaphysis (double physis sign) with metaphyseal flaring or irregular new bone
-can have: metaphyseal osteolysis or periosteal reaction too
Term
Which breeds are affected by craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO? Age groups?
Definition
-terriers, bulldogs, other (genetic component)
-3-8m, progression ends at maturity
Term
What is the major concern with craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO)?
Definition
-space occupying problems, difficulty with rpehension and mastication, pain
Term
What does Craniomandibular osteopathy (CMO) look like on radiographs?
Definition
-irregular osseous proliferation on madible, petrous temporal bone, bullae
-occasionally involves the calvarium
Term
What causes primary hyperparathyroidism?
Definition
-typically adenoma of parathyroid gland (old dogs)
Term
What are the possible causes of secondary hyperparathyroudism?
Definition
-nutritional: diet deficient in calcium or Ca:P imbalance
-Ranal: chronic renal disease
Term
What are the radiographic signs of hyperparathyroidism?
Definition
-generalized decrease in bone opacity
-thin bone cortices
-loss of lamina dura around tooth roots
-pathologic fractures / folding fractures
-spinal deformities
Term
What are Multiple Cartilaginous Exostoses (MCE)?
Definition
-benign proliferative disease of bone and cartilage
-cartilage islands grow in long bones and vertebrae
-cease growth at skeletal maturity (dogs)
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