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Exam 1
Intro to MS Pt II
27
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
02/08/2016

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
True or False: The bony skeleton is a very dynamic organ system undergoing constant change.
Definition
-TRUE
Term
When ______ activity is in balance with ______ activity, the radioacity of bone is normal.
Definition
-osteoclastic
-osteoblastic
Term
Describe the radiographic appearance of a normal bone.
Definition
-smooth, sharply marginated periosteal surfaces
-uniform, homogeneous thickness and opacity of cortical bone
-well-defined trabecular pattern of cancellous bone
-distinct endosteal surfaces
-uniform lucency of medullary region
Term
What physiologically results in an abnormal radiopacity of bone?
Definition
-when osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity are out of balance
Term
Definition: Osetolysis
-how long does it take to be radiographically evident?
Definition
-bone loss: doesn't show until 30-60% of mineralized vone is lost
-takes 7 days to be radiographically evident
Term
Definition: Osteogenesis
-what are some examples?
Definition
-aka sclerosis
-increased radiopacity of bone
-usually associated with increased production: subchondral thickening, endosteal reactions, periosteal reactions
Term
What are the three patterns of bony change in disease?
Definition
-purely destructive (lytic change)
-purely sclerotic (productive change)
-mixture of above (both changes simultaneously)
Term
Definition: Geographic osteolysis
-what are well defined lesions associated with? poorely defined?
Definition
-large areas of osteolysis
-well defined = benign or non-aggressive lesions
-poorly defined/ coalescing = aggressive lesions
Term
Definition: Moth-eaten osteolysis
-aggressive or docile?
Definition
-multiple smaller, less well-defined areas of lysis
-wider zone of transition to normal bone
-more aggressive dz processes
Term
Definition: Permeative osteolysis
Definition
-numerous, small, poorly defined areas of lysis with a wide zone of transition to normal bone
-highly aggressive
Term
Defition: Mixed osteolysis
-how do we determine the nature of the lesion?
Definition
-more htan one pattern type present
-most common
-nature of the lesion is based on the most aggressive pattern that is recognized
Term
Definition: Smooth Periostela Reactions
-early or late healing?
-benign or aggressive?
Definition
-chronic, well-defined borders
-end stage o healing
-benign process
Term
Definition: Lamellar periosteal rection
-benign or aggressive?
Definition
-chronic multiple episodes of periosteal elevation with onion skin appearance with well-defined borders
-more benign processes
Term
Definition: Palisading periosteal reactions
-benign or aggressive?
Definition
-new bone formation perpendicular to cortical bone
-mild to moderately aggressive processes
Term
Definition: Spicular Periosteal Reactions
-benign or aggressive?
Definition
-new bone formation perpendicular to cortical bone, which tends to be longer with more space between spicules when compared to palisading reaction with less defined borders
-moderately aggressive process
Term
Definition: Sunburst Periosteal Reactions
-benign or aggressive?
-what does it indicate?
Definition
-new bone formation of radiating spicules from a more central point with less defined borders
-aggressive process
-indicates a lesion erupting past the cortex and into the surrounding soft tissues
Term
Definition: Amorphous periosteal reactions
-benign or aggressive?
Definition
-an unorganized and irregular bone production with poorly defined borders => extensive extension into soft tissues
-most aggressive process
Term
Definition: Codman's triangle
-benign or aggressive
-commonly seen with what?
Definition
-a solid triangle of new bone at the edge of a periosteal ractions (represents elevation of the perioteum)
-tends to be rpesent in more aggressive processes
-commonly seen with neoplasia but NOT pathognomonic for neoplasia
Term
Definition: Mixed Periosteal Reaction
-benign or aggressive?
-commonly seen with what?
Definition
-more aggressive diseases will often have a mix of varying periosteal reactions
-the nature of the disease should be based on the most aggressive process seen
-commonly seen with osteosarcomas
Term
Definition: Transition zone
Definition
-the character of the junction of the osseous lesion adjacent normal bone
Term
Transition zones are typically characterized as what 4 characteristics?
Definition
-long
-short
-well-delineated
-poorly-delineated
Term
Definition: Pathologic fracture
Definition
-secondary to an underlying disease process that interferes with normal osteogenesis
Term
What are the 4 common causes of pathologic fractures?
Definition
-neoplasia/tumors, metabolic disease, infections, congenital diseases
Term
Definition: Monostotic
Definition
-single, solitary lesion involving only one bone disease
Term
Definition: Polyostotic
Definition
-multifocal lesions involving several bones but nor entire skeleton
Term
Definition: Diffuse
Definition
-the entire skeleton involved with a generalized disease
Term
Scale the periosteal reactions from most benign to most aggressive.
Definition
-smooth => lamellar => palisading => spicular => sunburst => amorphous
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