Shared Flashcard Set

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exam 1
N/A
73
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
01/22/2012

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Quality and safety goal #1
Definition
to reduce the risk of health care associated infections (nosocomial)
Term
world health organization WHO
Definition
monitor disease incidence, patterns, changes (worldwide)
recommend guidelines for prevention and intervention
Term
center for disease control CDC
Definition
similar to WHO but focused on the united states
only recommendations
Term
occupational safety and health administration OSHA
Definition
set standards
levy sanctions and fines
require their recommendations to be followed
Term
isolation guidelines
tier one
Definition
standard, universal precautions
-handwashing
-PPE
-management of linens and medical waste
-client placement
Term
purpose of hand washing
Definition
to prevent the spread of microorganisms
Term
isolation guidelines
tier two
Definition
transmission categories
-airborne (nuclei < 5 microns)
-droplet (nuclei > 5 microns)
-contact - infected wounds
Term
chain of infection
Definition
infectious agent
reservoir
portal of exit
mode of transmission
portal of entry
susceptible host
Term
nosocomial infections
exogenous
Definition
infection you get from the outside
-urinary tract infection
Term
nosocomial infections
endogenous
Definition
from the inside
flora in the body grows rampant
Term
Nosocomial infections
iatogenic
Definition
health care associated complication of care in the hospital
Term
medical asepsis
Definition
reduce and prevent the spread of micro organisms
-hand washing
-universal precautions
-clean vs dirty
Term
surgical asepsis
Definition
eliminate micro organisms
sterile technique
sterile vs not sterile
Term
temperature
normal range
Definition
96.8 - 100.4
Term
pulse
normal range
Definition
60 - 100
Term
respirations
normal range
Definition
12-20
Term
when to take vital signs
Definition
admission
each office visit
before/after surgery or invasive diagnostic procedure
before/after medication administration or nursing intervention
per physicians order
change in patient condition
Term
afebrile
Definition
absence of fever
Term
febrile
Definition
fever, >100.4
Term
thermogenesis
Definition
heat production
shivering, goosebumps
Term
thermolysis
Definition
heat loss
sweating
Term
radiation
Definition
heat waves off the body
Term
conduction
(temperature)
Definition
through direct contact
Term
factors affecting temperature
Definition
age
exercise
smoking/drinking/eating
hormone levels
circadian rhythms
stress
environment- hyperthermia, hypothermia
Term
factors influencing pulse
Definition
volume of blood being pumped
elasticity of vessel walls
contraction strength of left ventricle
Term
assessment of pulse
Definition
rate- bradycardia <60, tachycardia >100
rhythm- regular, irregular
strength- 0 to +4
equality
Term
cardiac output
Definition
pulse rate X stroke volume
Term
stroke volume
Definition
amount of blood pumped out of the heart in one pulse
Term
factors influencing pulse rate
Definition
exercise
temperature
emotions/stress
drugs
hemorrhage
postural changes
pulmonary conditions
Term
external vs internal respiration/oxygenation
Definition
external - ventilation
internal - diffusion, perfusion
Term
assessment of respiration/oxygenation
Definition
rate
depth
rhythm
pulse oximeter
Term
apnic respiration rate
Definition
absent
Term
tachypnic respiration rate
Definition
fast, >20
Term
bradypnic respiration rate
Definition
slow, <12
Term
depth of respirations
Definition
shallow, regular, deep
Term
rhythm of respirations
Definition
regular, irregular
Term
pulse oximeter
Definition
perfusion
Term
factors affecting respirations
Definition
exercise
pain
anxiety/stress
smoking
body position
medications
neurological injury
hemoglobin function
Term
most reliable indicator of pain
Definition
the patients self report
Term
types of pain
Definition
acute <6 months
chronic >6 months
Term
pain assessment
Definition
subjective vs objective data
location
qualiity
pattern
intensity
aggravating/alleviating factors
physical exam
Term
factors influencing pain
Definition
age
gender
culture
meaning of pain and attention paid to pain
anxiety and fatigue
previous experiences with pain/coping/strategies/support
Term
pain relief methods
Definition
non=pharmacologic interventions
pharmacologic interventions
surgical inventions
Term
oste-
Definition
bone
Term
arthr-
Definition
joints
Term
-itis
Definition
inflammation
Term
hepat/o
Definition
liver
Term
hemat/o
Definition
blood
Term
gynec/o
Definition
woman, female
Term
encephal/o
Definition
brain
Term
dys-
Definition
bad, painful, difficult
Term
ex-
Definition
out, away from
Term
neo-
Definition
new
Term
hemi-
Definition
half
Term
-ia
Definition
condition or disease
Term
-megaly
Definition
enlargement
Term
-ectomy
Definition
removal
Term
-gram
Definition
record
Term
-plasty
Definition
surgical repair
Term
holistic health
Definition
multi dimensional
physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, spiritual
involves health promotion, risk reduction, disease prevention, self care
Term
healthy people 2020 goals
Definition
increase quality and years of healthy life
eliminate health disparities
create environments for good health
promote quality of life, healthy development and behaviors across al life stages
Term
health belief model
Definition
relationship between beliefs and behaviors and their impact on ability to comply with health care therapies
-perception of susceptibility
-perception of seriousness
-likelihood that a person will seek preventative action
Term
health promotion model
Definition
health is a positive, dynamic state with health promotion directed at increasing level of well-being
-individual experiences
-behavior-specific knowledge
-behavioral outcomes
Term
basic human needs model
Definition
physiological
safety and security
love and belonging
self esteem
self actualization
-must satisfy basic needs first
Term
holistic health models
Definition
the client is the expert
natural healing abilities of the body
complementary/alternative interventions
Term
internal variables influencing health
Definition
-developmental stage
-intellectual background
-perception of functioning
-emotional factors
-spiritual
Term
external variables influencing health
Definition
-family practices
-socioeconomic factors
-cultural background
Term
risk factors to good health
Definition
situation, habit, social or environmental condition, either physiologic or psychological that increases potential for illness or accident
modifiable vs non modifiable
Term
illness
Definition
state of diminished or impaired health compared to previous experiences
Term
the sick role
Definition
behavioral and emotional changes
altered body image and self concept
changes in family roles in dynamics
the hospital system promotes the sick role by making patients dependent
Term
health promotion
Definition
maintain or enhance level of health through positive actions
therapeutics
passive vs active strategies
Term
illness (disease) prevention
primary, secondary, tertiary
Definition
the ability to avoid decline in health or functioning focusing on screening and treatment
primary- activities you perform to eliminate or prevent illness
secondary- early detection and treatment
tertiary- long term care or rehabilitation
Term
risk reduction
Definition
activities directed toward enhancing protective behaviors and avoid risks
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