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exam 1
professor rohm
79
Management
Undergraduate 3
02/09/2011

Additional Management Flashcards

 


 

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Term
SMART acronym
Definition
Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timely
Term
Mintzberg Managerial Roles
Definition
Interpersonal (Figurehead, Leader, Liaison), Informational (Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson), Decisional (Negotiator, Entrepreneur, Disturbance Handler, Resource Allocator)
Term
Managerial Functions
Definition
Planning, Organizing, Controlling, Leading
Term
Planning
Definition
setting objectives and a specific course of actions for them
Term
Administrative Management Theory
Definition
focuses on management process and principles of management, more rigid than bureaucratic
Term
Behavioral Management Theory
Definition
focuses on the factors that affect human behavior rather than efficiency, process, and principles
Term
Quantitative Management Theory
Definition
focuses on improving decision via quantitive techniques, can be traced back to scientific management
Term
Systems Management Theory
Definition
focuses on the organization as a whole, its interaction with the environment, and its need to achieve equilibirum
Term
Bureaucratic Management Theory
Definition
focuses on the ideal form of organization, division of labor, hierarchy, formalized rules, and promotion of employees based on ability
Term
Contingency Management Theory
Definition
emphasizes there is no one best way to manage and considers situational factors
Term
Scientific Management Theory
Definition
systematic study of work methods in order to improve efficiency, uses scientific method to place workers in optimum positions, management takes complete responsibility
Term
Advocated administrated management
Definition
Fayol
Term
Advocated Bureaucratic Management
Definition
Weber
Term
Advocated Scientific Management
Definition
Gilbreths, Taylor, and Gantt
Term
Advocated Behavioral Management
Definition
Barnard, Follett, Mayo
Term
Advocated Total Quality Management
Definition
Deming
Term
Advocated Group Development
Definition
Tuckman
Term
Advocated the "Fail while daring greatly" management
Definition
Theodore Roosevelt
Term
Advocated Ancient Chinese Management Wisdom
Definition
Sun Tzu
Term
Encoding
Definition
how the medium is prepared by the sender
Term
Decoding
Definition
how the message is translated by the receiver
Term
feedback
Definition
response of receiver
Term
7 principles of effective listening
Definition
1. concentrate on speaker 2. send nonverbal message that you're listening 3. avoid early evaluations 4. avoid getting defensive 5. practicing paraphrase 6. listen and observe for feelings 7. ask questions
Term
Edward Hall's Cultural Dimension
Definition
High/Low Context, Mono/PolyChronic Time, Proxemics
Term
High Context vs. Low Context
Definition
Hi: "unwritten rules," time is open and flexible, nonverbal communication
Low: clear messages, time is highly organized, verbal communication
Term
Monochronic vs. Polychronic
Definition
mono: doing one thing at a time (low context)
poly: humans are valued over material things or getting it done (high context)
Term
Proxemics
Definition
Hi Territoriality: Low Context
Low Territoriality: High Context
Term
5 Stages of Tuckman's Group Development
Definition
1. Forming 2. Storming 3. Norming 4. Performing 5. Adjourning
Term
Forming
Definition
orientation of workers meeting and sharing expectations
Term
Storming
Definition
members struggle for power
Term
Norming
Definition
individual differences are recognized
Term
Performing
Definition
group attains cohesiveness
Term
Adjourning
Definition
group is disbanded
Term
Brainstorming
Definition
options are not evaluated until group members just pool all of them together
Term
Dialetical Inquiry
Definition
divides the group in 2 and they describe advantages/disadvantages of proposed solutions or decisions
Term
Nominal Group Technique
Definition
group members make a list of ideas and give one item until all choices are on the board
Term
Delphi Technique
Definition
like the show Leverage, at each separate stage, each group member is asked to input according to their specialty
Term
Effective Team Characteristics
Definition
1. clear direction 2. clear responsibilities 3. knowledgeable members 4. reasonable operation procedures 5. interpersonal relationships 6. sharing success/failures 7. external relatinoships
Term
Corporate Growth Strategies
Definition
1. Concentration 2. Backward/Forward Integration 3. Diversification - concentric (related), conglomerate (unrelated)
Term
BCG Product/Market Grid
Definition
MGR: Management Growth Rate
RMS: Relative Market Share

High MGR High RMS: Star
High MGR Low RMS: Question Marks
Low RMS High MGR: Cow
Low RMS LOW MGR: Dog
Term
Porter's 3 Generic Competitive Strategies:
Definition
1. Overall Cost Leadership 2. Differentiation 3. Focus on a particular market niche
Term
Porter's 5 Forces Model
Definition
1. Industry Competitors 2. Pressure from Substitute Products 3. Bargaining Power of Suppliers 4. Bargaining Power of Buyers 5. Potential Entrants
Term
Primary Stakeholders in an organization
Definition
Employees, Customers, Suppliers, Shareholders
Term
ABCDE Rational Decision MAking Model
Definition
Assess the Situation, Brainstorm, Course of Action (COA) Analysis, Decide, Execute & Evaluate
Term
Bounded Rationality
Definition
Concept that decision makers have limited info, limited brain capacity to process it all, and limited time to make the decision. As a result, satisfactory decisions are made rather than ideal ones.
Term
5 W's of a Mission Statement
Definition
Who, What, When, Where, and Why
Term
Decision Support Matrix
Definition
Numbers add up the same going horizontally
Highest one going vertical wins.
Term
Strategies for entering international business
Definition
Exporting, Contracting (Contract manufacturing, Licenses, Franchises, Turnkey operations), Joint Ventures, Wholly Owned Subsidiaries, Strategic Alliances, Outsourcing/Offshoring
Term
Elements of organizational design/decisions
Definition
Division of labor, Departmentalization, Chain of command, Span of management, Centralization/Decentralization, Formalization
Term
Outsourcing
Definition
strategic management model transferring business processes to another company
Term
licenses
Definition
granted from a licensor to a licensee for the rights to some intangible property (e.g. patents, processes, copyrights, trademarks) for agreed on compensation (a royalty payment).
Term
contracts
Definition
used frequently by firms that provide specialized services, such as management, technical knowledge, engineering, information technology, education, and so on, in a foreign location for a specified time period and fee
Term
turkey contracts
Definition
specific kind of contract where a firm constructs a facility, starts operations, trains local personnel, then transfers the facility (turns over the keys) to the foreign owner.
Term
franchises
Definition
involve the sale of the right to operate a complete business operation.
Term
joint ventures
Definition
involve shared ownership in a subsidiary company. A joint venture allows a firm to take an investment position in a foreign location without taking on the complete responsibility for the foreign investment.
Term
wholly-owned subsidiaries
Definition
involve the establishment of businesses in foreign locations which are owned entirely by the investing firm
Term
strategic alliances
Definition
arrangements among companies to cooperate for strategic purposes
Term
division of labor/specialization
Definition
contributes to increased productivity and efficiency by allowing workers to specialize and become proficient at a specific task.
Term
chain of command
Definition
a line of authority extending from the top to the bottom of the organizational structure
Term
departmentalization
Definition
After the work to be completed is organized into identifiable jobs through a process of dividing labor, jobs are then combined into logical sections or departments
Term
span of management
Definition
often called the span of control, is the number of individuals who are directly responsible to a particular manager
Term
formalization
Definition
the degree to which there are standardized rules and procedures governing the activities of employees. A company with a high degree of formalization is characterized by detailed job descriptions and clearly defined policies and procedures covering a wide variety of employee behaviors. Conversely, a company with a low level of formalization is characterized by non-structured jobs and fewer explicit policies and procedures.
Term
Types of Control:
Definition
Regulative: Bureaucratic, Financial, Quality
Normative Control: Team Norms, Org. Cultural Norms
Term
Bureaucratic Control
Definition
Regulative, policies and operating procedures (employee handbook)
Term
Financial Control
Definition
Regulative, key financial targets ex: return on investment
Term
Quality Control
Definition
Regulative, acceptable levels of product or process variation ex: defects per million
Term
Team Norms
Definition
Normative, Informal team rule and responsibilities ex: task delegation based on team member expertise
Term
Org. Cultural Norms
Definition
Normative, Shared organizational values, beliefs, and rituals ex: collaboration may be values more than individual "stars"
Term
Types of departmentalization
Definition
Functional, Geographic, Product/Service, Market, Matrix, SBUs
Term
Functional Departmentalization
Definition
Every organization of a given type must perform certain jobs in order do its work
Term
Product Departmentalization
Definition
Large, diversified companies are often organized according to product. All the activities necessary to produce and market a product or group of similar products are grouped together
Term
Customer/ Market Departmentalization
Definition
to organize according to the types of customers it serves
Term
Matrix Organizational Structure
Definition
the combination of two or more different structures
Term
Strategic Business Units
Definition
A way to encourage new ways of thinking and acting by reorganizing parts of the company into largely autonomous groups
Term
Mechanistic Organization
Definition
Burns and Stalker noted that mechanistic organizations are often appropriate in stable environments and for routine tasks and technologies. In some ways similar to bureaucratic structures, mechanistic organizations have clear, well-defined, centralized, vertical hierarchies of command, authority, and control. Efficiency and predictability are emphasized through specialization, standardization, and formalization. This results in rigidly defined jobs, technologies, and processes. The term mechanistic suggests that organizational structures, processes, and roles are like a machine in which each part of the organization does what it is designed to do, but little else.
Term
Organic Organizations
Definition
The term "organic" suggests that, like living things, organizations change their structures, roles, and processes to respond and adapt to their environments. Burns and Stalker noted in The Management of Innovation that organic structures are appropriate in unstable, turbulent, unpredictable environments and for non-routine tasks and technologies.
Term
Organizing
Definition
he function of management that involves developing an organizational structure and allocating human resources to ensure the accomplishment of objectives
Term
Leading
Definition
influencing others toward the attainment of organizational objectives. Effective leading requires the manager to motivate subordinates, communicate effectively, and effectively use power.
Term
Controlling
Definition
ensuring that performance does not deviate from standard. Controlling consists of three steps, which include establishing performance standards, comparing actual performance against standards, and taking corrective action when necessary.
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