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Exam 1 Questions
Review of Exam 1 material for the Final
97
Political Studies
12/06/2011
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Term
In class, politics was defined as
 Definition
who gets what, when, and how
Term
America is
 Definition
all of the above (another name for the USA, part of the title of our primary text, the collective name of these continents, a place Daniel Elazar (Fault Lines) identifies as having three types of political culture)
Term
Things that are indivisible, nonexlusive, and that everyone can share are called
 Definition
public goods
Term
Over a third of America's wealth is owned by
 Definition
one percent of the population
Term
Which of the following statements about youth participation in the US is true?
 Definition
More than one-half of Americans under the age of 30 say that they rarely follow politics
Term
Which of the following statements helps explain the link between youth voter turnout and changes in media communication and technology?
 Definition
all of the above (the current generation is the first to grow up in a media environment with few shared experiences, the proliferation of television channels makes it easier for young Americans to avoid exposure to politics, most young Americans have not developed habits of following the news, young people today have never known a time when most citizens paid attention to major political events)
Term
The theory that argues that group competition results in  a rough approximation of the public interest in public policy is
 Definition
pluralist theory
Term
The United States government under the Articles of Confederation can best be described as
 Definition
weak and ineffective
Term
Those who met at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 were
 Definition
mostly well-off planters, lawyers, and merchants
Term
A major purpose of the economic provisions in the Constitution was to
 Definition
create a strong national government so as to bring stability out of economic chaos
Term
Which of the following are characteristics of an ideal democracy?
 Definition
all of the above (equality in voting and effective participation, enlightened understanding, citizen control of agenda, inclusive rights)
Term
According to your professor in lecture, the Federalist Papers
 Definition
were written to influence state conventions' passage of the new Constitution
Term
Which of the following was favored by the Anti-Federalists?
 Definition
stronger state governments
Term
Which of teh following statements is FALSE about the United States?
 Definition
it created a president who can act unilaterally in most situations
Term
An amendment to the United States Constitution may be ratified by
 Definition
a 2/3 positive vote in each house of Congress
Term
According to the United States Constitution, how many Senators does each state have?
 Definition
two
Term
According to the United States Constitution, how many members of the House of Represntatives are there in each state?
 Definition
depends on the state's population
Term
Federalism is a way of organizing a nation so that
 Definition
both national and state levels of government have some authority over the same land and people
Term
As compared to a unitary system of government, Federalism
 Definition
decentralizes our politics
Term
All of the following provide examples of how federalism decentralizes our policies EXCEPT
 Definition
the federal income tax
Term
In our federal system, the powers of the state governments are ultimately granted by
 Definition
the United States Constitution
Term
A marriage license issued in one state is valid and honored in all thates under the Constitutional provision of
 Definition
full faith and credit
Term
The Supremacy Clause
 Definition
establishes the Constitution, laws of the national government, and treaties as the supreme law of the land
Term
Which is one way that federalism may have a negative effect on democracy?
 Definition
Federalism may increase inequities between and among states
Term
Civil liberites are legal and constitutional protections against
 Definition
government
Term
Who is the final interpreter of teh content and scope of Americans' civil liberties?
 Definition
Supreme Court
Term
Which is FALSE? Labor day is:
 Definition
a day to celebrate "right to work" laws
Term
The publication of statements known to be false that are malicious and tend to damage a persons reputation is called
 Definition
libel
Term
In NAACP v. ALanama (1958), the Supreme Court ruled that forcing the NAACP to turn over its membership list to the state of Alabama was an unconstiutional violation of the NAACP's
 Definition
freedom of association
Term
The legal concept through which the Supreme Court has nationalized the Bill of Rights is called
 Definition
incorporation doctrine
Term
Which is NOT a constitutionally permissible limitation on the Second Amendment right to bear arms?
 Definition
mandatory trigger locks
Term
Obtaining evidence in a haphazard or random manner, in violation of the Fourth Amendment is
 Definition
illegal search and seizures
Term
In what case did the Supreme Court rule that suspect must be told of their constitutional rights to remain silent, that what they say can be used against them, and of their right to have an attorney present during any questioning?
 Definition
Miranda v. Arizona
Term
What amendment forbids forced self-incrimination, stating that no person "shall be compelled to be a witness against himself"?
 Definition
the fifth
Term
The great freedoms of speech, press, religion, and assembly are contained in the
 Definition
First Amendment
Term
Incorporation is the legal concept under which Supreme Court has nationalized the Bill of RIghts by making most of its previsions applicable to the states through the Due Process Clause of the ___ Amendment
 Definition
Fourteenth
Term
When it comes to classigication on the basis of race, the Supremem Court applies the
 Definition
inherently suspect
Term
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
 Definition
all of the above (made racial discrimination illegal in places of public accomodation, prohibited gender discrimination in the work place, prohibited state and local officials from discriminating on the basis of race in the use of public facilities)
Term
Which is responsible for enforcing the Voting RIghts Act?
 Definition
the US Justice Department
Term
Title IX of the Educatoin Act of 1972
 Definition
forbids gender discrimination in federally subsideized eduation programs, including athletics
Term
What require employers to make "reasonable accomodations" and prhibits employment discrimination against people with disabilities?
 Definition
the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Term
Scholarly articles may be useful to your research because
 Definition
their scientific findings have been evaluated using the peer review process
Term
Which of the following is a characteristic of a scholarly article?
 Definition
all of the above (titles and colons, citations with references, figures and tables, multiple authors with academic affiliations)
Term
The Thirteenth Amendment
 Definition
forbade slavery and involuntary servitude
Term
Which amendment extended suffrage to African American men?
 Definition
the Fifteenth
Term
The Voting Rights Act of 1965, as amended in 1982
 Definition
required that the redrawing of district boundaries avoid both discriminatory intent and results
Term
Women were first guaranteed the right to vote in national elections by the
 Definition
Nineteenth Amendment
Term
Jim Crow Laws were those that
 Definition
were enacted by Southern Whites in the late 19th century to segreate African Americans from Whites
Term
The closer the correspondence between representatives and their electoral majority, the closer the approximation of democracy.
 Definition
True
Term
When interests conflict, no coalition may be strong enough to form a majority and establish policy, which avoids policy gridlock.
 Definition
False
Term
One of the basic functions of government is to socialize the young citizens into the political system through schooling.
 Definition
True
Term
Most public policies are made by a single policymaking institution.
 Definition
False
Term
The provisions of the Declaration of Independence still legally protect Americans' equal rights.
 Definition
False
Term
Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government was too weak to govern effectively.
 Definition
True
Term
The Constitution left it to the states to decide qualifications for voting.
 Definition
True
Term
The Connecticut Compromise at the Constitutional Convention established a bicameral national legislature.
 Definition
True
Term
An amendment to the Constituation can be ratified either by the legislature of three-fourths of the states or by special conventions called in three-fourths of the states.
 Definition
True
Term
Judicial review refers to the power of the Courths to determine whether acts of Congress and actions of the executive are constitutional.
 Definition
True
Term
According to your instructor in lecture, Article 3 of the US Constitution establishes a judicial branch, but does not mention judicial review.
 Definition
True
Term
Political parties, as we know them today, did not exist when the Constitution was written.
 Definition
True
Term
According to your textbook, the Constitution both undermines individualism and discourages stalemate and government gridlock.
 Definition
False
Term
Over time and through a series of amendments that have expanded voting rights, the U.S. Constitution has become more democratic.
 Definition
True
Term
The federal government is the first responder in most emergencies.
 Definition
False
Term
Most nations of the world have federal systems.
 Definition
False
Term
The power to regulate health, safety, and morals is largely the domain of the states.
 Definition
True
Term
The Supreme Court has ruled that the Tenth Amendment does not give states power superior to that of the national government for activites not mentioned in the Constitution.
 Definition
True
Term
The notion that a citizen of one state receives the privileges and immunities of any other state is the notion that states cannot discriminate against citizens of other states.
 Definition
True
Term
Congress made an exception to the full faith and credit provision of the Constitution by passing the Defense of Marriage Act, which allows states to not recognize same-sex marriages conducted in other states.
 Definition
True
Term
The Constitution says that the staes must return a person charged with a crime in another state to that state for trial or imprisonment.
 Definition
True
Term
Federalism creates more layers of government and more opportunities for political participation.
 Definition
True
Term
There are close to 90,000 governments in the United States
 Definition
True
Term
The national government's share of American government expenditures has declined over the course of the twentieth century.
 Definition
False
Term
The Voting Rights Act applies to both racial and language minorities.
 Definition
True
Term
The 13th Amendment outlawed slavery.
 Definition
True
Term
The 14th Amendment defined a "citizen" as anyone born in the US.
 Definition
True
Term
The 15th Amendment extended voting rights to all (male) citizens.
 Definition
True
Term
The Supreme Court has recognized that the national government can not make any laws limiting speech because the First Amendment begins by starting that "Congress shall make no law...".
 Definition
False
Term
The First Amendment prohibits an establilshed national religion.
 Definition
True
Term
Prior restraint refers to government actions preventing material from being published.
 Definition
True
Term
Nonverbal speech, such as burning a flag or wearing an armband, is referred to as commercial speech and is protected by the First Amendment.
 Definition
False
Term
The right to peaceably assemble is protected by the Second Amendment.
 Definition
False
Term
The Supreme Court recently ruled that the Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess a firearm unconnected with service in a militia.
 Definition
True
Term
A warrant is not a constitutional requirement for a reasonable police search.
 Definition
True
Term
The Eighth Amendment protects persons accused of crimes from "cruel or unusual punishments."
 Definition
True
Term
The Bill of Rights explicitly grants a right to privacy.
 Definition
False
Term
In a landmark Virginia anit-miscegenation case (Loving v. Virginia, 1967), the US Supreme Court set national precedent by striking-down laws prohibiting marriage between the races.
 Definition
True
Term
When doing research, popular and scholarly articles have the same uses.
 Definition
False
Term
To fully access the University Libraries' from off-campus requires an additional sign-on.
 Definition
True
Term
Voting rights for African Americans were not fully secured until the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
 Definition
True
Term
The Defense of Marriage Act, passed by Congress and signed by President Clinton in 1996, permits states to disregard same-sex marriages even if they are legal elsewhere in the US.
 Definition
True
Term
The Nineteenth Amendment guaranteed women the right to vote.
 Definition
True
Term
Hispanic Americans or Latinos now constitute the largest minority group in the United States.
 Definition
True
Term
The Civil Rights movement in the US lost much of its popularity when Federal judges began implementing forced busing outside of the South.
 Definition
True
Term
In the Canon, et al. readings, Daniel Elazar argues that US states' differing political cultures are the reason for long ago migration patterns.
 Definition
True
Term
The US Constitution is among the most difficult in the world to amend.
 Definition
True
Term
The Doctrine of Nullification, promoted by John C. Calhoun is recognized by the US Constitution and authorizes that states are allowed to exempt themselves from Federal laws if they so choose.
 Definition
False
Term
The Citizens United (2010) case, the Supreme Court ruled that corporations have the right to spend large amounts of money in elections.
 Definition
True