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Evolution
How the world came to be what it is today. TROLL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
16
Biology
7th Grade
09/30/2012

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Term
What is evolution?
Definition
process by which organisms change over time
Term
What is speciation?
Definition
New species can develop from old ones as a result of gradual change
Term
What is a species?
Definition
group of organisms that are able to reproduce together and create healthy, fertile offspring
Term
What help organisms survive in their environments?
Definition
adaptations
Term
Adaptations include ______________________.
Definition
behaviors, physical characteristics, etc.
Term
How are changes in species caused?
Definition
genetic variation
Term
What are mutations?
Definition
changes in DNA
Term
What are the two possible things that happen to mutations?
Definition
1. may be passed on to future generation and eventually lead to new species

2. If the variation is harmful, organisms may die, and it will not be passed on
Term
What is natural selection?
Definition
the survival of the organisms that have favorable traits
Term
Who developed the theory of natural selection?
Definition
Charles Darwin
Term
How is Natural Selection used?
Definition
Used to describe how evolution may occur
Term
What are the ideas behind evolution?
Definition
1. Overproduction: more offspring are produced than can survive
2. Struggle for existence: competition for necessities of life
3. Genetic Variation: differences in traits
*Color, size, abilities
4. Survival of the fittest: variations make organisms better suited for survival
* Successful reproduction
Term
Sometimes people select which organisms get to reproduce. Give an example.
Definition
farmers created numerous crops from wild mustard by artificially selecting for certain terms
Term
What are homologous structures?
Definition
Structures found in different species, but derived from a common ancestral structure. The structures may or may not be used for the same purpose.
Term
What are analogous structures?
Definition
serve the same function in different species, but not derived from common ancestral structures
Term
What is a vistigial structure?
Definition
body parts that seemingly have no purpose or function
*appendix, pelvic bones in whales, etc.
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