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European Integration
Midterm Exam
29
History
Undergraduate 3
03/30/2012

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Treaty of Luxemburg, April 1970
Definition
Value-added tax & extended budgetary powers of European Parliament.
Term
June 1970
Definition
Negotiations with four prospective Member States (Denmark, Ireland, Norway, and the UK) open in Luxembourg.
Term
May 1971
Definition
The Council introduced a system of monetary compensatory amounts.
Term
Monetary Compensatory Amounts
Definition
Used subsidies and taxes to even out the prices of agricultural and food products. Abolished 2 years later.
Term
April 1972
Definition
The currency "snake" is set up.
Term
The Currency Snake
Definition
Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands agreed to limit the margin of fluctuation between their currencies to 2.25% (except for in Italy where is was 6%)
Term
January 1972
Definition
Denmark, Ireland, Norway and the UK signed the Treaties of accession to the European Communities.
Term
September 1972
Definition
Norway's citizens chose not to join the European Communities
Term
January 1973 (2 events)
Definition
Denmark, Ireland, and the United Kingdom joined the European Communities (now 9 member states)
Community free trade agreement with Austria, Switzerland, Portugal, and Sweden
Term
November 1978
Definition
European Council was held in Brussels; established European Monetary System based on a European currency unit (the ECU)
Term
European Currency Unit (ECU)
Definition
A basket of currencies preventing movements above 2.25% (6% for Italy) along the bilateral exchange rate between member countries
Term
Bretton Woods Agreement
Definition
Gold Standard; made everything set against the USD. Fell when France wanted to exchange all US currency for gold
Term
European Monetary System
Definition
Replaced the Bretton Woods system
Term
Exchange Rate Mechanism (Before the Euro)
Definition
Part of the European Monetary System (EMS) to reduce exchange rate variability and achieve monetary stability, in preparation for the euro
Term
Exchange Rate Mechanism (After the Euro)
Definition
After the adoption of the euro policy changed to linking currencies outside the Eurozone to the euro. The goal is to stabilize those currencies in order to evaluate their potential as Eurozone members.
Term
UK and the ERM
Definition
The UK was forced to leave the ERM after the sterling pound came under major pressure from currency speculators
Term
January 1981
Definition
Greece joined the European Communities (10)
Term
Schengen Agreement
Definition
Signed in June 1985. Originally only 5 out of 10 signed. Meant you didn't need a passport anymore to travel between countries (except UK & Ireland, and Romania & Bulgaria were given limited rights)
Term
January 1986
Definition
Spain and Portugal joined the European Communities (12)
Term
The Single European Act
Definition
Revised the Treaty of Rome and created free trade between Member countries and wanted to create market without frontiers goal was to establish common market by end of 1992.
Term
Social Charter (part of SEA)
Definition
Created the same minimum standards for all European workers
Term
European Funds (part of the SEA)
Definition
Financial support for building countries; money could be used for highways, railroads, water treatment plants
Czech Republic in trouble for using money for private companies.
Term
Protagonists of the SEA
Definition
Margaret Thatcher, Ronald Reagan, Jacques Delors
Term
Jacques Delors
Definition
French socialist, main figure of the SEA; proposed the passing of a Social Charter.
Term
Margaret Thatcher
Definition
Leading role in the neoliberal revolution; shrunk state invention in the economy and social welfare, deregulated whole economic areas, decrease worker union's influence, reduced taxes. Strived to reduce the British contribution to the EEC budget.
Term
Margaret Thatcher's speech
Definition
At the College of Europe in Bruges, Belgium. Basically said that Britain did not want to be part of the SEA because having higher regulations would raise cost of employment and make them less competitive overseas.
Term
European Social Model
Definition
Invest in people and building an active welfare state
Term
Europe's main asset:
Definition
People
Term
Knowledge Economy
Definition
Invest in people
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