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Era 7 Vocab
N/A
87
History
11th Grade
04/02/2011

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Term
Imperialism
Definition
The economic and political domination of a strong nation over weaker ones.
Term
Protectorate
Definition
When an imperial power allows the local rulers to stay in control and protect them against rebellions and invasions.
Term
Anglo-Saxonism
Definition
The idea that English speaking nations had superior character, ideas, and systems of government.
Term
Matthew C. Perry
Definition
The U.S. navel leader who lead the first expedition to Japan.
Term
Queen Liliuokalani
Definition
The last Queen of Hawaii- overthrown by farmers.
Term
Pan-Americanism
Definition
The idea that the U.S. and Latin American countries should work together to support peace and increase trade.
Term
William Randolph Hearst
Definition
The owner of the New York Journal, famous for Yellow Journalism during the Spanish-American War.
Term
Joseph Pulitzer
Definition
The owner of the New York World, famous for Yellow Journalism during the Spanish American War.
Term
Yellow Journalism
Definition
Sensational, exaggerated reporting against the Spanish in the Spanish American War.
Term
Platt Amendment
Definition
The U.S. additions to the new Cuban constitution that said: Cuba couldn't make any treaties, Cuba had to allow the U.S. to access their military bases and the U.S. had the right to interfer in Cuban foreign affairs.
Term
Sphere of Influence
Definition
an area where a foreign nation controlled economic development.
Term
Open Door Policy
Definition
The policy that would allow all countries to trade with China.
Term
Boxer Rebellion
Definition
An underground society in China, the Boxers, who attacked all foreign embassies to let them know the Chinese did not want them in their country.
Term
Dollar Diplomacy
Definition
The idea that American businesses would increase trade and profits, and countries in Latin America would rise out of poverty and social disorder.
Term
Roosevelt Corollary
Definition
An addition to the Monroe Doctrine which stated the U.S. would intervene in Latin American affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability.
Term
Roosevelt Corollary
Definition
An addition to the Monroe Doctrine which stated the U.S. would intervene in Latin American affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability.
Term
Muckrakers
Definition
Journalists who focused on scandal and corruption during the Progressive Era.
Term
Direct Primary
Definition
All political party members directly vote for a candidate who will run in the general election.
Term
Initiative
Definition
Allows for citizens to introduce new laws and have the legislature vote on it.
Term
Referendum
Definition
Allows citizens to vote on proposed laws directly without going to the legislature.
Term
Recall
Definition
Allows citizens to demand a special election to remove an elected official from office
Term
Suffrage
Definition
The right to vote
Term
Carrie Chapman Catt
Definition
The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) leader who helped to pass the 19th Amendment.
Term
Prohibition
Definition
Laws banning the manufacture, sale, and consumption of alcohol
Term
Square Deal
Definition
Teddy Roosevelt’s reform program.
Term
United Mine Workers (UMV)
Definition
A group of miners in Pennsylvania whose strike impacted the whole U.S. due to lack of coal and Roosevelt intervened
Term
Hepburn Act
Definition
A law which strengthened the ICC’s abilities by allowing them to set railroad rates.
Term
Upton Sinclair
Definition
Writer of The Jungle, a novel exposing the conditions in meat packing plants
Term
Meat Inspection Act
Definition
Required federal inspection of meat sold and inspection of meat packing plants
Term
Pure Food and Drug Act
Definition
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure or falsely labeled food and drugs
Term
Gifford Pinchot
Definition
The head of the U.S. Forestry Service who thought natural resources should be used as opposed to completely conserved.
Term
Children’s Bureau
Definition
An agency that investigated and publicized the problems of child labor
Term
Progressive Party
Definition
Also known as the Bull Moose Party- developed by T. Roosevelt in order to enact new reforms in the U.S.
Term
New Freedom
Definition
Wilson’s legislative program which focused on destroying monopolies, not just regulating them
Term
Income Tax
Definition
A direct tax on the earnings on individuals
Term
Federal Reserve Act
Definition
A law which created a system of banks overseen by a board which would set interest rates and indirectly control the amount of money in circulation
Term
Federal Trade Commission
Definition
An agency which would oversee businesses to ensure they were practicing their business fairly
Term
Clayton Antitrust Act
Definition
A law which outlawed business practices that restricted competition. Companies can’t own stock in another company.
Term
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Definition
An organization started by DuBois and the leaders from the Niagara Movement which aimed at increasing the political power of African Americans.
Term
Militarism
Definition
The aggressive build up of armed forces to intimidate and threaten other nations
Term
Nationalism
Definition
Feeling of intense pride in one’s homeland
Term
Franz Ferdinand
Definition
The archduke of Austro Hungary whose assassination led to the beginning of WWI
Term
Propaganda
Definition
Information designed to influence opinion
Term
Sussex Pledge
Definition
Germany’s promise to not sink any more U.S. ships without warning before the U.S. entered WWI
Term
Zimmermann Telegram
Definition
An intercepted telegram between Germany and Mexico in which Germany offered Mexico its lost territories back from the U.S. if they became allies with Germany
Term
War Industries Board
Definition
Told businesses what they could produce, allocated raw materials, ordered the construction of new factories, and in a few cases, set prices.
Term
Victory Gardens
Definition
A movement encouraged by the government where people should conserve food and grow their own vegetables to help in the war effort
Term
National War Labor Board
Definition
A group which attempted to mediate labor disputes that might otherwise lead to strikes
Term
Committee on Public Information
Definition
A group who recruited ad executives, artists, authors, song writers, entertainers, public speakers and motion picture companies to help sway public opinion in favor of the war
Term
Espionage
Definition
Spying to acquire government information
Term
Selective Service (Conscription)
Definition
All men between had to register for the draft- they would be chosen by random lottery to serve in the war
Term
No-Mans-Land
Definition
The space between trenches
Term
Convoys
Definition
The practice of having merchant and troop ships travel across the Atlantic in groups to protect them from attack
Term
John J. Pershing
Definition
The commander of the American forces who landed in Paris to help the French push back the Germans in WWI
Term
Alvin York
Definition
A Tennessee native who had originally refused to fight in WWI but eventually joined. He took control of his platoon and charged a German machine gun outpost killing many Germans and capturing their guns
Term
Eddie Rickenbacker
Definition
The top American combat pilot in WWI
Term
Armistice
Definition
An agreement to stop fighting
Term
Treaty of Versailles
Definition
The Allies’ treaty with Germany that ended WWI. The harsh terms against Germany are one of the major factors that led to the beginning of WWII
Term
Fourteen Points
Definition
Wilson’s plan for lasting peace in Europe
Term
League of Nations
Definition
Nations would become members of a group who would help preserve peace by pledging to respect and protect each others’ territory and political independence
Term
Reparations
Definition
Monetary compensation for all war damage
Term
Red Scare
Definition
An increase in anxiety surrounding communism
Term
J. Edgar Hoover
Definition
The first head of what would later become the FBI
Term
Teapot Dome Scandal
Definition
Secretary of Interior, Fall, accepted bribes from private company in exchange for access to U.S. land which contained oil reserves
Term
Supply-side economics
Definition
The philosophy that low taxes will stimulate the economy which will actually increase the money the government collects in taxes
Term
Isolationism
Definition
The idea that the U.S. would be safer and more prosperous if it stays out of world affairs
Term
Dawes Plan
Definition
American banks would make loans to Germany that would enable it to make reparations payments in exchange; Britain and France would accept less in reparations and pay back more on their war debts.
Term
The Washington Conference
Definition
World powers agreed that there countries should not build new warships for another 10 years and that some ships from all countries should be destroyed
Term
Kellogg-Braind Pact
Definition
All nations who signed it agreed to give up war and settle all disputes by peaceful means
Term
Mass Production
Definition
Large scare manufacturing done with machinery
Term
Assembly Line
Definition
Divided operations into simple tasks and cut unnecessary motion to a minimum- first adopted by Ford
Term
Model T
Definition
The first automobile in the U.S. developed by Ford
Term
Charles Lindbergh
Definition
The first American to fly across the Atlantic Ocean
Term
Welfare Capitalism
Definition
Companies allowed workers to buy stock, participate in profit sharing, and receive medical care and pensions.
Term
Open Shop
Definition
A workplace where employees were not required to join a union
Term
Fundamentalism
Definition
A group of Christians who believe that the Bible is literally true and without error
Term
The Scopes Trial
Definition
Tennessee outlawed the teaching of evolution in schools- a teacher taught it and was arrested. He was convicted and fined but later the verdict was overturned.
Term
Speakeasies
Definition
A place during prohibition where a person could secretly buy alcohol
Term
Ernest Hemingway
Definition
Writer of For Whom the Bell Tolls and A Farewell to Arms which described the experience of war (WWI)
Term
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Definition
Writer of The Great Gatsby which was critical of American society’s superficiality in the 1920s
Term
Mass Media
Definition
Radio, movies, newspapers, and magazines aimed at a broad audience
Term
Great Migration
Definition
The movement of African Americans during WWI from the South to the North for industrial jobs
Term
Harlem Renaissance
Definition
The flowering of African Americans arts in the 1920s
Term
Langston Hughes
Definition
An African American writer who became the leading voice describing the African American voice in the U.S
Term
Zora Neale Hurston
Definition
African American novelist who wrote Their Eyes Were Watching God which contained an African American woman as a main character
Term
Jazz
Definition
A style of music influenced by Dixieland blues and ragtime with syncopated rhythms and improvisational elements
Term
Cotton Club
Definition
The most famous nightclub in Harlem known for its jazz
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