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Environmental Science Test II UD
For University of Dallas Environmental Science Class
78
Environmental Studies
11/03/2011

Additional Environmental Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Essential nutrients/components of diet
Definition
carbohydrates, fats, protein
Term
Scurvy
Definition
vitamen c deficiency, from lack of fruit
Term
Pellagra
Definition
skin desease, vitamen B deficiency
Term
Rickets
Definition
vitamen D deficiency, bad bones
Term
Kwashiorkor
Definition
high starch, low protein; distended belly appearance
Term
marasmus
Definition
appear old, wasting away; protein deficiency
Term
Anemia
Definition
loss of red blood cells
Term
green revolution
Definition
search for new way to produce new foods to reduce insecurities. Increase range of conditions, increase range of food we can eat, enhance foods through genetic modification.
Term
Blue revolution
Definition
fish can provide a lot of protein, farm produced fish, genetic modification of fish
Term
Genetically modified food
Definition
growth hormones and other additives
Term
Surplus
Definition
excess of what is needed
Term
Subsidy
Definition
monetary contribution to a private farm
Term
Famine
Definition
no food available; causes include environmental disasters, political instability, and bad communication with resources
Term
Health
Definition
state of physical, mental, and social well being
Term
Disease
Definition
deleterious change in being due to environmental factor that is physical, biological, nutritional, chemical, or physiological
Term
Hazardous
Definition
flammable, explosive, irritant, acid, bleach
Term
Toxic
Definition
poisonous by interacting with cellular community
Term
Irritant
Definition
damage to tissue and imflamation
Term
Respiratory fibrotic
Definition
breaks, you inhale, micro-tears in lungs, retains in lungs to damage them
Term
Asphyxiant
Definition
Term
Allergen
Definition
sensitize, toxic, activate immune system
Term
Irritant
Definition
damage to tissue and imflamation
Term
Neurotoxin
Definition
basically a poison that effects your head?
Term
Mutagen
Definition
substance capable of creating a mutation
Term
Teratogen
Definition
cause abnormal developments
Term
Carcinogen
Definition
causes cancer
Term
Trauma
Definition
shock from sudden physical injury
Term
Bioaccumulation
Definition
build up of toxin in your body
Term
Biomagnifications
Definition
build up of toxin through food chain
Term
LD50
Definition
lethal dose for 50% measure of our risks
Term
ED50
Definition
effective dose for 50%
Term
Filtration and detoxification of toxins (kidney, liver)
Definition
minimize effects of toxins in the body for filtration
Term
Repair mechanisms
Definition
skin and cells
Term
humus
Definition
brown residue that holds soil together
Term
mollisol
Definition
soil found under grasslands
Term
alfisol
Definition
soil found under temperate forests
Term
soil horizons
Definition
O Horizon(humus), A Horizon(top soil), Sub Soil, C Horizon(parent material), R Horizon(Rock)
Term
causes of soil degradation
Definition
erosion, waterlogging, bad farming
Term
waterlogging
Definition
adding too much water to a plant
Term
salinization
Definition
minerals in water build up around plant and kill it; salt and other minerals
Term
green manure
Definition
crop rotation tool, alfalfa and peanuts
Term
sustainable agriculture
Definition
soil conservation, low input a griculture(water and energy), integrated pest management
Term
ntegrated pest management
Definition
reduced amount of pesticides used, biological control, timing and rotation, parasitic wasps
Term
Swidden agriculture or milpa
Definition
forest cycle farming
Term
farm bill
Definition
food security act, subsidizing farms
Term
soil conservation act
Definition
conserve the amount of soil used to farm
Term
Conservation Reserve Program
Definition
conserve the wildlife of the world
Term
Agroforestry
Definition
grow crops in synergy with trees
Term
closed canopy
Definition
trees cover less than 20% of floor
Term
open canopy
Definition
trees cover more than 20% of floor
Term
temperate forest
Definition
30 north equator, spring/winter seasons
Term
tropical forest
Definition
wet, rainy/dry season, on equator
Term
mono-culture forestry
Definition
single species dominates the culture
Term
land invasion
Definition
people moving into forest for land use
Term
clear cutting
Definition
scars landscape, efficient
Term
strip cutting
Definition
cut only a strip of forest
Term
selective cutting
Definition
only cutting specific trees and leaving the rest
Term
rancher
Definition
owns land stays in one place
Term
pastoralist
Definition
nomadic herding
Term
desertfication
Definition
creating a desert of the land
Term
overgrazing
Definition
too much grazing on the grass is killing it
Term
relcamation
Definition
chemical and physical efforts to fix a degraded site
Term
core/mantel/crust
Definition
liquid hot; molten rock; cool magma in large plates
Term
tectonic plate
Definition
what make up the crust
Term
igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary rocks
Definition
crystals formed from lava; trans. Through temp and pressure; fossils, formed by erosion
Term
metal
Definition
conductive, luster
Term
nonmetal
Definition
sharp, brittle
Term
minimills
Definition
re-use scrape to make something
Term
geochemically scare minerals
Definition
bauxite, gold, sivler, fossil fuels,
Term
heap leach extraction
Definition
crush down, chemical bond, a lot of min tailing
Term
placer mining
Definition
natural forces to move things from point a to b
Term
strip mining
Definition
expose the ores underneath the surface and dig them out
Term
open pit mining
Definition
same thing as strip mining?
Term
tunnel mining
Definition
dig narrow pathway down to ore and then follow the band
Term
strategic mineral
Definition
something your nation needs but can not produce, or vice versa
Term
rock cycle
Definition
cycle in which rocks go from metamorphic, igneous, and/or sedimentary to a different form
Term
environmental hazard index(EHI)
Definition
surface distribution index + 3 chemical pollution indexes
Term
smelting
Definition
cooking ores to make out metals