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Energy vocabulary cards
ch 5 Energy Vocab Cards
29
Science
6th Grade
12/12/2007

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Term
energy
Definition
is the ability to do work or to cause a change
Term
kinetic energy
Definition
"is the energy an object has due to its motion; to change it, either increase mass or speed"
Term
potential energy
Definition
is the energy stored in an object because of its position; change of height or mass can increase the amount
Term
thermal energy
Definition
all objects have thermal or heat energy; and it increases as the temperature increases
Term
chemical energy
Definition
is the energy stored in the bonds between atoms; eneregy is released when the bonds are broken apart
Term
radiant energy
Definition
"is the type of energy that light carries; light can be absorbed, reflected or transmitted to another object"
Term
electrical energy
Definition
"energy carried by electrical current that comes out of batteries and wall sockets; is generated at large power plants
Term
mechanical energy
Definition
is a combination between potential and kinetic energy
Term
nuclear energy
Definition
the energy contained within the nucleus on an atom; nuclear fission occurs when an extra neutron splits a nucleus and a chain reaction begins
Term
law of conservation of energy
Definition
"energy is neither created or destroy, it just changes from one form to another"
Term
generator
Definition
is a device that transforms kinetic energy into electrical energy
Term
turbine
Definition
set of steam-powered fan blades that causes a generator to spin thus creating electrical energy
Term
transform
Definition
means to change into something else
Term
sources of energy for the U.S.
Definition
"sources can be from renewable, nonrenewable, or inexhautible energy sources;
Term
renewable energy
Definition
is an energy source that is replenished continually; hydroelectricity is an example
Term
nonrenewable energy
Definition
"an energy source that is used up much faster that it can be replaced, such as fossil fuels"
Term
inexhaustible energy
Definition
is energy that can not be used up by humans for many years; solar is the best example
Term
alternative energy
Definition
"energy sources that are safer and cause less harm to the enviroment; examples are solar, wind, and geothermal"
Term
fossil fuels
Definition
a fuel source created by the decay of biomass (plant & animal remains) that was buried and put under tremendous heat and pressure
Term
nuclear wastes
Definition
"radioactive waste product created from the chain reaction of an a atom's nucleus being split; safe long-term leak-proof storage is a problem
Term
Hydroelectricity
Definition
electricity created by flowing water going through a dam, which in turn causes turbines to spin a generator
Term
Solar energy
Definition
energy created by capturing the light energy of the Sun in solar cells
Term
Photovoltaic cells
Definition
a device that transforms radiant energy directly into electrical energy
Term
thermal collectors
Definition
a device that heats up water using the Sun's radiant energy; has many pipes that interconnect
Term
Geothermal energy
Definition
"thermal energy created by the Earth captured below the surface and change hot water to steam that then spins turbines
Term
Windtricity
Definition
energy project in Texas created to provide long-term energy to the central part of the state; inexhaustible supply
Term
conserving energy
Definition
reducing the use of energy; avoiding wasting energy
Term
biomass
Definition
is the matter contained in all living organisms; compost ( decaying leaves and grass clippings) is an example
Term
system
Definition
"a collection of structures, cycles, and processess that interact with each other; parts of a whole"
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