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Energy Resources
Energy Resources
49
Science
8th Grade
02/04/2012

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Cards

Term
Substances that provide energy as the result of a chemical change are called
Definition
fuels
Term
The process of burning a fuel to change chemical energy into thermal energy is called
Definition
combustion
Term
In an electric power plant, turbines are turned using which type of energy from steam?
Definition
mechanical energy
Term
Fossil fuels are energy-rich because they contain
Definition
hydrocarbons
Term
Coal is a solid fossil fuel formed from
Definition
decaying plant remains
Term
The most plentiful fossil fuel in the United States is
Definition
coal
Term
Factories where crude oil is separated into fuels and other products are called
Definition
refineries
Term
Which fossil fuel produces the lowest levels of most air pollutants?
Definition
natural gas
Term
Fossil fuels are considered nonrenewable resources because they
Definition
take hundreds of millions of years to form
Term
What is the result of using fossil fuels more rapidly than they are formed?
Definition
The reserves will eventually be used up
Term
True/False: A fuel is a substance that provides energy as a result of a chemical change.
Definition
True
Term
In the United States, the fossil fuel that is present in the largest amount is natural gas.
Definition
False, Coal
Term
Fossil fuels are considered to be nonrenewable because they form at a slower rate than that at which they are used.
Definition
True
Term
The process of burning gasoline in a car engine to release energy is called ____________________.
Definition
Combustion
Term
In a power plant, fuel is burned to boil water, producing ____________________ which then turns the blades of a turbine.
Definition
Steam
Term
Fossil fuels are made of energy-rich chemical compounds called ____________________.
Definition
hydrocarbons
Term
A liquid fossil fuel formed from the remains of animals, algae, and protists is ____________________.
Definition
petroleum
Term
Petrochemicals are compounds that are made from the fossil fuel ____________________.
Definition
oil
Term
Crude oil is made into useful products in a factory called a(n) ____________________.
Definition
refinery
Term
If fossil fuels continue to be used more rapidly than they are formed, the reserves will eventually be ____________________.
Definition
exhausted
Term
One home is heated by burning wood in a fireplace, while another similar home is heated by burning oil. Which method uses less fuel? Why?
Definition
Burning oil requires less fuel than burning wood because fossil fuels like oil contain more energy-rich hydrocarbons than wood. The heating value of oil is more than three times greater than that of wood.
Term
Why must the United States purchase oil from other countries? What problem can this situation sometimes cause?
Definition
The United States uses more oil than it can provide from its own reserves. This can cause political problems if oil-supplying nations decide to reduce the amount exported to the United States.
Term
The three major fossil fuels are coal, oil, and
Definition
natural gas
Term
What is one advantage of solar energy?
Definition
It will not run out for billions of years.
Term
Which of the following converts light from the sun into thermal energy and distributes the heat using pumps and fans?
a)passive solar system
b)active solar system
c)solar plant
d) solar cell
Definition
B) Active Solar System
Term
True/False:Solar cells are sometimes used to power passenger trains.
Definition
False: but they do power some calculators, lights, and telephones.
Term
Wind energy is an indirect form of _______ energy.
Definition
Solar
Term
What is the most widely used source of renewable energy in the world today?
Definition
Hydro electric power (water turns a turbine which rotates a magnet inside of copper wires thereby inducing electrons to produce electricity).
Term
Which of these is an example of a biomass fuel?
oil, natural gas, wood, coal
Definition
Wood
Term
Intense heat beneath the Earth's surface can be a source of _____ energy.
Definition
Geothermal
Term
True/False: Energy conservation means reducing energy use.
Definition
True
Term
In a nuclear power plant, what is used to turn water into steam?
Definition
Heat released from nuclear fission reactions
Term
True/False: A turbine that produces electricity when turned by moving water provides solar power.
Definition
False: it provides hydroelectric power.
Term
True/False: Natural gas is more likely to cause air pollution that coal or oil.
Definition
False, it is less likely.
Term
A solar plant consists of giant ______ that are used to focus the sun's rays to heat water.
Definition
mirrors
Term
In a nuclear power plant, thermal energy released by _______ reactions is used to change water into steam.
Definition
fission
Term
[image]
Which letter identifies the reactor vessel, and what takes place there?
Definition
Letter B, and nuclear fission reactions happen there!
Term
Essay: Briefly explain how wind energy can be used to produce electricity.
Definition
Look in your textbook and write the answer on a sheet of paper. Turn it in to me.
Term
Essay: Why must the US purchase oil from other countries? What problem can this situation sometimes cause?
Definition
Look in your textbook and on the internet to find an answer. Write it down and turn it in to me.
Term
In a nuclear power plant, what is used to change water into steam?
Definition
Heat released from nuclear fission reactions.
Term
What does energy conservation mean?
Definition
Reducing energy use (saving energy).
Term
What is efficiency?
Definition
the percentage of energy that is actually used to perform work
Term
What is one example of an energy-efficient device: a fluorescent light bulb, a drafty window, an incandescent light bulb, or a gasoline powered car?
Definition
A fluorescent light bulb
Term
True/False: Recycling aluminum soda cans is an example of energy conservation.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: The cadmium in the control rods slows down a nuclear fission reaction by absorbing neutrons.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: Incandescent lightbulbs are less efficient than compact fluorescent bulbs.
Definition
True
Term
In a nuclear power plant, thermal energy released by _________ reactions is used to change water into steam.
Definition
Nuclear
Term
Taking a bike ride instead of a car ride is practicing energy _________, which helps save fuel for the future.
Definition
conservation
Term
One way to get more out of fuels is to increase __________, the percentage of energy used for work.
Definition
efficiency
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