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Endocrine drugs
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90
Pharmacology
Professional
04/11/2012

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Term
Insulin
Definition
a ton of stuff... you probably got it right. just remember it is short acting
Term
lispro
aspart
glulisine
Definition
ultra-short acting insulin analogue.
given subQ with Zn. forms hexamer(insoluble) must form monomer.
the B chain is modified to decrease stability of hexamer
Term
NPH
lente
Definition
Intermediate insulin analogue
NPH:
premixable. stabalized by protamine (slow off time)
Lente:
not premixable. high Zn content increases stability.
Term
Glargine
Detemir
Ultralente
Definition
Long acting insulin analogue
Ultralente: higher Zn content
Glargine/Detemir: increased B chain stability
Term
tolbutamide
chlorpropamide
tolazamide
acetohexamide
Definition
1st gen. sulfonylurea
Closes ATP sensitive K channels -> increase insulin exocytosis
long half life.
Term
glyburide
glizipide
gliclazide
glipiride
Definition
2nd gen sulfonylurea
close ATP sens K channels -> increase insulin exocytosis

100X potency and shorter half life than 1st gen.
Term
repaglinide
nateglinide
Definition
meglitinides
similar to sulfonylureas except no sulufur. Not direct
Term
biguanide
Definition
metformin
increases insulins actions.
C/I: renal, hepatic, lactic acidosis
Term
pioglitizone
rosiglitazone
troglitazone
Definition
Thiazolidinediones
increase insulin action by increasing GLUTs via binding to PPARg NR
watch out for liver and fluid retent.
Term
Acarbose
Miglitol
Definition
glucosidase inhibitor:
decrease glucose uptake in gut.
makes you fart.
Term
exenatide
Definition
GLP-1 analogue
Term
sitaglitin
Definition
inhibits dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (which degrades GLP-1)
Term
pramlintide
Definition
amylin analogue
slows gastric emptying and promotes satiety.
Term
What do ethanol, salicylates, and b-blockers have in common?
Definition
they are all hypoglycemic... get it?
Term
epinephrine
b2-agonist
glucocorticoids
diazoxide
diuretics
Ca channel blocker
clondine
phenytoin
Definition
hyperglycemic
Term
desmopressin
Definition
selective for V2
Term
chlorpropamide
Definition
enhance residual ADH FX in kidney
Term
thiazides
indomethacin
Amiloride
Definition
nephrogenic DI Rx
indo inhibits PG's
Amiloride is for Li(which inhibits V2) induced DI
Term
Demeclocycline
Li
Conivaptan
Definition
SIADH Rx
Demeclocycline: inhibit ADH signaling
Li inhibits V2
Conivaptan: ADH R blocker
Term
pitocin
Definition
oytocin analogue
Term
misoprostil
Ergonovine
methylergonovine
Definition
post partum hemorrhage
Term
tertbutaline
ritodrine
Definition
tocolytic: b agonist
Term
nifedipine
Definition
tocolytic: Ca channel blocker
Term
Indomethacin
Definition
Tocolytic: inhibits PG's
don't close that DA
Term
atosiban
Definition
tocolytic: oxytosin R blocker
Term
Somatropin
somatrem
mecasermin
Definition
GH deficiency Rx:
soma... : analogues
Mecasermin: IGF-1 analogue w/ BP (use for GH resistance)
Term
hCG
Definition
acts at LH R
Term
monotropin
urofollitropin
Follitropin
Definition
Fertility Drugs:
M: LH and FSH
U: mainly FSH
F: recombinant FSH
Term
thyrotropin
Definition
TSH analogue
Term
cosyntropin
Definition
ACTH analogue
Term
sermorelin
Definition
GHRH analogue
Term
gonadarelin
leuprolide
histrelin
deslorelin
nafarelin
buserelin
goserelin
triptorelin
ganirelix
cetrorelix
abarelix
Definition
GnRH analogue
gonadorelin is short acting and used pusitile
Term
Bromocriptin
cabergolin
pergolide
quinagolide
Definition
D2 agonist
Term
Octreotide
Definition
somatostatin analogue w/ longer half life
Term
pegvisomant
Definition
GH R blocker
Term
levothyroxine
Definition
T4
Term
liothyronine
Definition
T3
Term
liotrix
Definition
T4 and T3
Term
What do glucocorticoid, androgen, salicylates have in common?
Definition
They all decrease binding of T3 to TBG
Term
Estrogen increases TBG
Definition
yes
Term
What do propranolo, dexamethasone, PTU, Amiodorone, and Radiology contrast dies have in common?
Definition
they inhibit type 1 5'-deiodinase
Term
PTU
methimazole
Definition
thioureylenes:
inhibit thyroid peroxidase
PTU has shorter half life and inhibits peripheral T4-> T4
Term
thiocyanate
perchlorate
fluroborate
Definition
compete with I
fatal aplastic anemia
Term
fludrocortisone
Definition
mineralocorticoid replacement
Term
sprinolactone
eplerenone
Definition
MR blocker
Term
mifepristone
Definition
GR blocker

chemical abortion
Term
mitotane
Definition
adrenal lytic agent
Term
aminoglutethimide
Definition
inhibit SCC, 11B-OH, aromatase
Term
ketokonazole
Definition
17,20- lyase and at HD SCC inhibitor
Term
metyrapone
Definition
11B-OH inhibitor
Term
why don't we use straight up estradiol (oral)?
Definition
B/c we ain't hard like that... or b/c it has a really high first pass
Term
ethinyl estradiol
Definition
low first pass, oral, potent,
Term
estrone sulfate
Definition
conjugated estrogen:
less potent, EstrogenRT,
Term
Clomiphene
Definition
SERM:
estrogen R blocker in pituitary.
Term
Fluvestrant
Definition
Breast cancer Rx: post tamoxifen
full estrogen R blocker
Term
tamoxifen
toremifonene
Definition
SERM:
Anti-estrogen in Breast cancer
estrogenic in endometrium and bone
Term
raloxifene
Definition
SERM: Awesome
estrogenic in bone
anti-estrogenic in breasts in endometrium
Term
hydroxyprogestrone caproate
" acetate
Definition
caproate is parenteral
acetate - oral ERT
Term
norethindrone
norgetrel
norgestimate
desogestrel
drospirenone
Definition
progestrone analogues
oral
Term
ANAstrozole
letrozole
aminoglutethimide
Definition
non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor:
reversible
Term
forestane
exemestane
Definition
steroidal Aromatase inhibitor:
irreversible
Term
trazuzumab
Definition
MAB against HER2/erB-2/NEU (RTK)
Term
cetuximab
Definition
mab EGFR
Term
testonsterone proprionate
cypionate
enanthate
Definition
test esters:
proprionate is short acting
low 1st pass
Term
leuprolide
Definition
GnRH analogue - decrease LH/FSH... eventually
Term
abarelix
Definition
GnRH inhibitor
Term
ketoconazole
Definition
17,20-lyase and SCC inhibitor
Term
spirnolactone
Definition
17B-OH inhibitor

and andro R inhibitor
Term
finastride
dutasteride
Definition
type 2 5a-reductase inhibitor
dutasteride does type 1 and 2
Term
flutamide
bicalutamide
nilutamide
cyproterone
Definition
Andro R blocker:
bicalutamide less toxic
cyproterone also progesterone R agonist
Term
pentoxifylline
Definition
sex enhancer:
fluidize RBC's ->improve blood flow
Term
yohimbine
Definition
sex enhancer:
A2 blocker
Term
sildenafil
tadalafil
vardenafil
Definition
Sex enhancer:
inhibit cGMP phosphodiesterase
Term
phentolamine
Definition
sex enhancer:
A1/2 blocker
Term
phentolamine
Definition
sex enhancer:
A1/2 blocker
Term
apomorphine
Definition
sex enhancer:
dopa agonist
Term
alprostidil
Definition
Sex enhancer:
PGE1, inject into penis
Term
metronidazole
quinolones
penicillin
ceftriaxone
Definition
M: T. vaginalis
Q: chlamydia, gonorrhea (no prego's)
P: syphillis
C: gonorrhea
Term
doxycyclin
azithromycin
acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir
foscarnet, ganiclovir
Definition
D: Chlamydia (GI elim)
A: chlamydia
cyclovir: HSV-2
F/G: CMV
Term
ergocalciferol
cholecalciferol
Definition
Vit D need both OH
Term
calciferdiol
Definition
need 1-OH
Term
calcitriol
paricalcitriol
22-oxacalcitriol
calcipotriol
Definition
active
P: reduces PTH
22: reduces PTH gene, low gut and bone
calcipotriol: psoriasis Rx
Term
DiHydroTachysterol
doxercalciferol
Definition
needs 25-OH
Term
etidronate
pamidronate
alendronate
risedronate
riludronate
zoledronate
ibandronate
Definition
bisphosphate:
retard bone form and dissolution
Term
cinacalcet
Definition
calcimimetic
Term
plicamycin
Definition
antibiotic that also decreases plasma Ca via inhibition of bone resorption.
Term
sodium phosphate
Definition
binds serum Ca
Term
EDTA
Definition
Ca chelator
Term
CaCl2
gluconate
gluceptate
Definition
IV- Ca supplement
Term
Ca(CO3)2
citrate
lactate
Definition
oral Ca supplement
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