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Endo Random Trivia (Unit 2)
Random Endocrinology Q's
97
Biology
Undergraduate 4
02/28/2012

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Term
Effect of GH on protiens
Definition
Stimulate synthesis
Term
Effect of GH on adipose
Definition
Lipolytic
Term
Effect of GH on blood glucose
Definition
Increase concentration (Diabetogenic)
Term
Effect of GH on glycogen
Definition
Increase glycogen deposits
Term
Effect of somatostatin
Definition
Inhibit GH secretion
Term
Where is GH produced?
Definition
Ant. PT
Term
Where is somatostatin produced?
Definition
Hypothalamus & Delta cells in Islets of Langerhans
Term
Where is IGF produced?
Definition
Liver
Term
Effect of IGF
Definition
Bone & tissue growth
Term
GH secretion inhibited by...
Definition
Somatostatin & IGF
Term
Where is Ghrelin produced?
Definition
Stomach
Term
Effect of Ghrelin
Definition
Increase GH & apetite
Term
GH secreted during...
Definition
Hypoglycemia
Low intracellular protein concentration
Deep sleep
Exercise, emotion, stress
Term
Effects of prolactin on mammary glands
Definition
Milk production & boob growth
Term
Effect of prolactin on ovulation
Definition
Inhibits gonadotropin
Stops ovulation
Term
PRL inhibited by...
Definition
Dopamine & prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH)
Term
PRL increased secretion during...
Definition
Exercise
Stress
Suckling
Sleep
Term
Effect of ADH on kidneys
Definition
Water reabsorption (aquaporins)
Term
Effect of ADH on circulation
Definition
Vasoconstrictor (Raise BP)
Term
ADH secretion stimulated by...
Definition
High plasma osmolarity (Dehydration)
Hypovolemia
Angiotensin II in the brain
Stress
Term
ADH deficiency is called...
Definition
Diabetes insipidus
Term
Oxytocin produced by?
Definition
Hypothalamus
Term
Effect of oxytocin on calcium
Definition
Increases intracellular Ca
Decreases plasma Ca
Term
Oxytocin inhibited by...
Definition
Fear
Pain
Anxiety
Brewskies
Term
Thyroid gland secretes...
Definition
Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Calcitonin
Term
Effects of calcitonin
Definition
Lowers blood Ca
Strengthens bone
Term
First step in TH formation?
Definition
Iodide trapping
Term
Scaffolding for TH precursor?
Definition
Thyroglobulin
Term
TH amino acid precursor?
Definition
Tyrosine
Term
How does TH travel in blood?
Definition
Bound to plasma proteins
Term
General effects of TH
Definition
Increase metabolic rate
Term
Effects of TH on cellular level
Definition
Increase size, number, & activity of mitochondria
Increase activity of Na/K ATPase pump
Increased oxygen consumption
Term
Effects of TH on proteins
Definition
Increase synthesis
Term
Effects of TH on blood glucose
Definition
Increase (Diabetogenic)
Term
Effects of TH on intestines
Definition
Increase glucose absorption
Increase digestive juice secretion
Term
Effects of TH on glycolysis
Definition
Increase rate
Increase gluconeogenesis
Term
Effects of TH on adipose & fats
Definition
Lipolytic
Lower plasma cholesterol, lipids, & other fats
Term
Effects of TH on eye
Definition
Convert carotene to Vitamin A (retinol)
Term
Effects of TH on growth
Definition
Helps produce IGF
Term
Effects of TH on fetus & baby
Definition
Brain growth
Axon myelination & nerve growth
Term
Effects of TH on adult brain
Definition
Increase response to catecholamines
Inhibits sleep (insomnia)
Term
Effects of TH on heart
Definition
Increase response to catecholamines
(Increase affinity of B-1 adrenergic receptors)
Term
Effect of TH on circulation
Definition
Vasodilation
Term
Effect of TH on RBC's
Definition
Increase DPG to decrease Hb affinity for O2
Term
TH secreted by...
Definition
TSH stimulation
Term
TSH Stimulated by...
Definition
TRH stimulation
Term
TRH produced by...
Definition
Hypothalamus
Term
TSH produced by...
Definition
Ant. PT
Term
Effects of coldness on TRH
Definition
Increased
Term
Effects of heat & stress on TRH
Definition
Decreased
Term
Effects of TSH on thyroid gland
Definition
Activate cAMP to release TH
Increase size, number, & cuboidal to columnar
Increase blood supply
Increase iodide trapping & iodination
Term
Zona glomerulosa location
Definition
Outer layer of cortex
Term
Zona glomerulosa secretes...
Definition
Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
Term
Zona fasciculata location
Definition
Middle layer of cortex
Term
Zona fasciculata secretes...
Definition
Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
Term
Zona reticularis location
Definition
Inner layer of cortex
Term
Zona reticularis secretes...
Definition
Sex hormones (androgens)
Term
1st step in steroid synthesis chemical reactions
Definition
Side chain cleavage
Term
Cholesterol # for side chain cleavage
Definition
21
Term
Cholesterol # for glucocorticoids
Definition
11
Term
Cholesterol # for mineralocorticoids
Definition
18
Term
Cholesterol # for androgens
Definition
17
Term
Cholesterol derivative to all other hormones
Definition
Prognenolone
Term
1st step in steroid production
Definition
Transport into inner mitochondrial membrane
Term
Cholesterol mitochondrial transporter
Definition
StAR
Term
Effect of cortisol on blood glucose
Definition
Increase (Diabetogenic)
Term
Effect of cortisol on proteins
Definition
Decrease synthesis
Term
Effects of cortisol on plasma proteins
Definition
Increase
Term
Effects of cortisol on adipose
Definition
Lipolytic
Term
Effects of cortisol on blood vessels
Definition
Decrease permeability
Term
Effects of cortisol on plasma calcium
Definition
Decrease
Term
Effects of cortisol on bones
Definition
Inhibit synthesis
Increase resorption (degradation)
Term
Effects of cortisol on kidneys
Definition
Inhibit ADH
Increase urine volume
Increase urinary Ca
Term
Effects of cortisol on brain
Definition
Disrupt neurotransmitters
Memory loss
Inhibits thinking ability
Term
Effects of cortisol on RBC's
Definition
Increase synthesis
Term
Effects of cortisol on immune system
Definition
Suppress
Anti-inflammatory
Anti-histamine
Term
Effects of aldosterone on kidneys
Definition
Na reabsorption
K excretion
H excretion
Term
Aldosterone stimulated by...
Definition
Angiotensin II
Hyperkalemia (High K)
Term
Function of 11(Beta)HSD-2
Definition
Allows aldosterone to bind to mineralocorticoid receptor
(converts cortisol to metabolites)
Term
Effects of ANP on circulation
Definition
Counter RAS
(Lower BP & volume)
Term
ANP Secreted by...
Definition
Atrial stretch
Sympathetic stimulation
High Na
Angiotensin II
Endothelin
Term
Effects of ACE
Definition
Convert Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II
Term
Effects of renin
Definition
Convert Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin I
Term
Renin secreted by...
Definition
Juxtaglomerular cells (Granular cells)
Term
Effects of ANP on adipose
Definition
Lipolysis
Term
Effects of ANP on kidneys
Definition
Decrease Na reabsorption
Term
Effects of Macula densa cells
Definition
Detect NaCl concentration in distal tubes of nephron
Stimulate renin secretion
Term
GH stimulated by...
Definition
1-GNRH
Term
Effect of oxytocin on smooth muscle
Definition
Induce contraction
Term
TH receptor located in...
Definition
Nucleus
Term
DHEA secreted by...
Definition
Zona reticularis of cortex
Term
Effect of catecholamines on metabolism
Definition
Increase rate
Increase O2 consumption
Increase gluconeogenesis
Term
Effects of catecholamines on adipose
Definition
Mobilize free fatty acids
(Put into bloodstream)
Term
Effects of catecholamines on heart
Definition
Increase force & rate of contraction
Term
Effects of catecholamines on blood vessels
Definition
NorE vasoconstricts to increase BP
Term
Effects of catecholamines on spleen
Definition
Contractions to concentrate blood
Term
Effects of catecholamines on kidneys
Definition
Vasoconstriction of renal arteries (less filtration)
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