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EMT
General study guide of some illnesses and S/S. Tests some other material too.
46
Medical
Professional
05/16/2009

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Term
side effects of bronchodilators and contraindications
Definition
increased heart rate, patient jitteriness, contraindicated for patients who are not alert and contraindicated for patients who have already taken maximum dosage
Term
nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) side effects and contraindications
Definition
dilates blood vessels, drops BP, contraindicated for systolic less than 100 and contraindicated for patients using Viagra, Levitra, or similar medications, contraindicated for pulse range below 50 or above 100.
Term
cardiac compromise S/S (x7)
Definition
pain/pressure/discomfort in the chest or upper abdomen, difficulty breathing, palpitations, sudden onset of sweating N/V, anxiety and feelings of impending doom, abnormal pulse, abnormal BP
Term
pulmonary edema S/S (x11)
Definition
dyspnea, rales, blood-tinged coughed up sputum, right heart failure, lower extremity edema, liver edema, abdominal edema, pedal edema, abdominal distention, backside edema for patients laying down
Term
CHF S/S (x9)
Definition
tachycardia, dyspnea, normal or elevated BP, cyanosis, diaphoretic/cool and clammy skin, anxiety/confusion due to hypoxia, pedal edema, jugular vein distention (late sign), abdominal distention (late sign)
Term
hollow abdominal organs (x6)
Definition
stomach, gallbladder, duodenum, large intestine, small intestine, bladder
Term
diabetic ketoacidosis S/S
Definition
extreme sluggishness, muscle wasting, fruit/acetone breath, pain in the abdomen/chest/shoulders/neck, extreme weight loss, agitation/aggression, hyperventilation, extreme thirst, constant urination
Term
epinephrine side effects
Definition
a vaso-constrictor that will also create an elevated heart rate, dizziness, chest pain, headache, N/V, anxiety
Term
alcohol abuse S/S
Definition
odor of alcohol, swaying and unsteadiness, slurred speech, rambling and incoherence, flushed red appearance, N/V, poor coordination and slow reaction time, confusion, visual and auditory hallucinations, loss of memory, ALOC
Term
narcotics S/S
Definition
a class of drugs that affect the CNS and are used to relieve pain; patients present with pinpoint pupils, coma, respiratory depression, cool skin, reduced pulse rate, diaphoresis, sluggishness, cardiac arrest
Term
opiate triad
Definition
coma (or depressed LOC), respiratory depression, and pinpoint pupils
Term
hallucinogens S/S
Definition
elevated pulse rate, dilated pupils, flushed face, patients reports hallucinations, unusual behavior
Term
drug withdrawal S/S
Definition
tremors, anxiety, nausea, confusion and irritability, hallucinations, diaphoresis, elevated pulse and respiratory rate
Term
treatment of substance abuse patients
Definition
basic assessment and interventions, focus on airway, and treat for shock
Term
three stages of labor
Definition
(1) regular contraction and dilation of the cervix (2) from the time the baby enters the birth canal until the time the baby is born (3) after the baby is born until the placenta, umbilical cord, and extra tissues have been delievered
Term
imminent delivery is signaled by what contraction duration and interval
Definition
imminent delivery when contractions last for 30-60 seconds and are 2-3 minutes apart
Term
neonatal CPR
Definition
ventilate 40-60/min if heart rate lower than 100 and provide chest compressions at 120/min midsternum if the heart rate is lower than 60/min
Term
eclampsia and treatment
Definition
seizures in pregnancy that are often associated with high blood pressure and edema; place patient in left recumbent position and administer O2, keep patient warm and handle gently
Term
Shock S/S
Definition
ALOC due to hypoxia, behavioral issues, pale/cool/clammy sking, N/V, elevated/weak/and thready pulse, elevated/shallow/and labored respirations, drop in blood pressure (late sign), narrowing BP may occur, thirst, dilated pupils, cyanosis
Term
shock and three stages
Definition
shock results from the inadequate perfusion of the tissues in the body (1) compensated shock: body senses inadequate perfusion and attempts to maintain adequate perfusion by increasing pulse, increasing respirations, and redirecting flow of blood from the peripheral organs (2) decompensated shock: body can no longer compensate for low blood volume and thus the blood pressure begins to drop (3) irreversible shock: body has lost the battle to perfuse the organs adequately which may lead to death days later due to the irreparable damage of vital organs
Term
first sign of shock
Definition
ALOC, then pale/cool/clammy skin, then N/V, then increased pulse (weak and thready), then increase respirations, then BP drop, and BP narrowing
Term
treatment of ampuations
Definition
wrap in sterile dressing and place in plastic bag; place in water next to cool packs
Term
pediatric assessment triangle (top left, clockwise)
Definition
appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to the skin
Term
S/S shock in peds
Definition
rapid respirations, pale/cool/clammy skin, weak or absent peripheral pulses, delayed capillary refill, decreased urination, ALOC, absence of tears when crying; treat for shock normaling
Term
cushings triad
Definition
widening of BP, irregular respirations, bradychardia (signals increased intracranial pressure)
Term
beck's triad
Definition
low arterial blood pressure, increased central venous pressure, distant heart sounds, and possible narrowing BP (signals cardiac tampanode)
Term
waddell's triad
Definition
triad for child struck by vehicles: fractured femoral shaft, intraabdominal or intrathoracic injuries, and contralateral head injuries
Term
septic shock
Definition
combined vessel failure and content loss often the result of severe bacterial infections
Term
pruritis
Definition
severe itching
Term
urticaria
Definition
hives
Term
mnemonic for treatment of closed injuries
Definition
RICES; rest ice, compression, elevation, splinting
Term
hyphema
Definition
bleeding in the eye
Term
hemoptysis
Definition
coughing up blood
Term
pulmonary embolism S/S
Definition
SOB, acute pleuritic chest pain, hemotypsis, cyanosis, tachypnea, hypoxia, sudden death
Term
LAD
Definition
left, anterior, descending coronary artery that feeds the heart directly from the aortic valve
Term
shock major difference for peds
Definition
peds compensate and look normal up to the very end and the drop very suddenly
Term
SIN Haz Mat Response
Definition
saftey, isolate and deny entry, notify fire department
Term
three zones at Haz Mat
Definition
Exclusion/Hot zone, de-contamination/reduction zone, support/cold zone
Term
ERG
Definition
emergency response guidebook on every emergency vehicle
Term
incident commander, triage, MED COM, treatment area
Definition
fire chief, firefighters/engineer, first medic, second medic
Term
5-15 patients response type
Definition
reinforced response, START triage
Term
START triage
Definition
simple triage and rapid treatment
Term
MEDCOM task
Definition
establishes communication line with hospital and directs transport of patients, does NOT order resources or additional supplies
Term
ground ambulance coordinator
Definition
decides means of transport for patient pending patient condition
Term
START triage protocol
Definition
assess RPM method (respiratory, perfusion, mental status); rid scene of green patients (anyone that can get up and walk up; hand them green tags); then tag blacks; everyone is yellow unless you can make them a red; R greater than thirty=red, less than thirty check P and M; P no pulse or CRT>2 seconds=red, M disoriented=red
Term
Code 2, 3, 11-44, 1199
Definition
w/o lights and sirens, w/ lights and sirens, deceased subject, medic needs help
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