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Elements, Compounds, Mixtures
Chapter 4 test notes
33
Science
6th Grade
03/20/2015

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Term
Element
Definition
Pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means
Term
Pure Substance
Definition
Substance in which there is only one type of particle
Term
Metals
Definition
Elements that are shiny, good conductors (thermal energy and electric current), malleable, and ductile
Term
Nonmetals
Definition
Dull, not shiny, poor conductors (thermal energy and electric current)
Solid nonmetals: brittle, unmalleable
Term
Metalloids
Definition
AKA semi-conductors
Have properties of metals and nonmetals
Some are shiny while others are dull
Somewhat malleable and ductile
Some conduct thermal energy and electric current
Term
Compound
Definition
Pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined.
Formed when two or more elements react to join together in a definite ratio
Term
Three Properties Used To Classify Elements
Definition
Metal/nonmetal/metalloid, density, boiling point / melting point
Term
What type of change is needed to break down a compound?
Definition
Chemical change is needed to break down ______.
Term
Mixture
Definition
Combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined (meaning they do NOT react to form a compound)
Term
What type of change is needed to separate mixtures?
Definition
Physical changes are used to separate _____.
Term
Substances in a mixture _____ their identity
Definition
Substances in a ______ retain their identity.
Term
Distillation
Definition
Process that separates a mixture based on the boiling points of the components
Term
Magnet
Definition
Used to separate a mixture when one of the substances is magnetic.
Term
Centrifuge
Definition
Machine that separates mixtures based on densities of the components
Term
Evaporation
Definition
Mixtures can be separated by evaporating away one of the substances
Term
Solution
Definition
A mixture that appears to be a single substance but is composed of particles of two or more substances that are distributed evenly amongst each other. AKA homogenous mixture
Term
Solute
Definition
The substance that is dissolved (in a solution)
Term
Solvent
Definition
The substance in which the solute is dissolved (in a solution)
Term
Concentration
Definition
A measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent
Term
Dilute
Definition
A word used to describe a solution that does not have a lot of solute dissolved in the solvent
Term
Concentrated
Definition
A word used to describe a solution that does have a lot of solute dissolved in the solvent
Term
Super saturated
Definition
A word used to describe when the solution has more solute in it than it can normally hold
Term
Saturated
Definition
A word used to describe when the solution has the perfect amount of solute to fill up the solvent
Term
Unsaturated
Definition
A word used to describe when the solution can dissolve more solute in the solvent
Term
Solubility
Definition
The amount of solute needed to make a saturated solution using a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature. Expressed in grams.
Term
Three ways to quickly dissolve solids in liquids
Definition
Mixing, heating, and crushing
Term
Suspension
Definition
A mixture in which particles of a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are large enough that they settle out
Particles are insoluble. They do not dissolve in liquid or gas.
AKA Heterogenous mixtures
Term
Homogenous mixture
Definition
Solution
Term
Heterogenous mixture
Definition
Suspension
Term
How do you separate a suspension?
Definition
Passing a mixture through a filter will separate a ______.
Term
Colloid
Definition
A mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out.
Particles are small and fairly well mixed.
Solids, liquids, and gases can be used to make colloids.
Term
Can a colloid be separated by a filter?
Definition
A _____ cannot be separated by a filter. The particles are small enough that they will pass through.
Term
Three differences between solutions and suspensions
Definition
1. Homogenous vs. heterogenous
2. Particles dissolve vs. particles don't dissolve
3. Only a ____ can be separated through a filter
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