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Electrolyte Imabalances ATI
ATI
33
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
04/24/2013

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Cards

Term
Sodium RR
Definition
136-145
Term
Potassium
Definition
3.5-5
Term
Chloride
Definition
98-106
Term
Calcium
Definition
9-10.5
Term
Magnesium
Definition
1.3-2.1
Term
Phosphorus
Definition
3.5-4.5
Term
Causes hyponatremia
Definition
vomiting, nasogastric suction, diarrhea, tap water enema, diuretics, kid disease, adrenal insufficiency, excessive sweating, burns, wound drainage, ascites, excessive water intake, HF, cirrhoisis, hypotonic fluids excess
Term
Vital Signs - hyponatremia
Definition
hypothermia, tachycardia, rapid thready pulse, hypotension, ortho hypo
Term
Neuromuscular - hyponatremia
Definition
headache, confusion, lethargy, muscle weakness to point of possible resp compromise, fatigue, decreased deep tendon reflexes, seizures
Term
GI hyponatremia
Definition
increased motility, hyperactive BS, abdom cramping, nausea
Term
Acute hyponatremia
Definition
Admin 3% sodium chloride slowly and mon sodium levels, encourage foods high in sodium - cheese, milk, condiemnts
Term
RF hypoernatreimia
Definition
water deprivation, excessive sodium intake, excess sodium retention - renal failure, cushings, aldosteronism, some meds - gluccocorticosteroids, fluid losses - fever, diaphoreies, diab insipidus
Term
Hypernatremia Vitals
Definition
hypoerthermia, tachycardia, ortho hypo
Term
Hypernatremia Neuro
Definition
restless, irritability, muscle twithing to point of muscle weakness including resp compor, decreased deep tendon reflexes to point of absent DTRs, seizures, coma
Term
GI hypernatremia
Definition
thirst, dry mucous mems, increased motility, hyperactive bs, abdom cramping , nausea
Term
Hypokalemia vitals
Definition
weak, irregular pulse, hypotension, resp distress
Term
Hypokalemia neuro
Definition
weakness to point of resp collapse and paralysis, muscle cramping, decreased muscle tone and hypoactive reflexes, paresthesias, mental confusion
Term
Hypokalemia ECG
Definition
premature ventri contractions, bradycardia, blocks, ventricular tachycardia, inverted T waves, ST depression
Term
GI Hypokalemia
Definition
decreased motility, abdom distension, constiation, ileus, nausea, vomiting, anorexia
Term
High foods K+
Definition
avocados, broccoli, dairy products, dried fruit, cantaloupe, bananas
Term
pOTASSIUM IV?
Definition
NEVER IV BOLUS!!! max tate 5-10 meq/hr
Term
Hyperkalemia Vitals
Definition
slow, irreg pulse, hypotension
Term
Neuro Hyperkalemia
Definition
restless, irritable, weakness to pt of ascending flaccid paralysis, paresthesias
Term
ECG hyperkalemia
Definition
premature ventricular contractions, ventric fibrillation, peaked t waves, widened QRS
Term
GI hyperkalemia
Definition
n/v, increased motility, diarrhea, hyperactive BS
Term
Hypocalcemia
Definition
paresthesia of fingers/lips, muscle twitch/tetany, painful muscle spasm at rest, hyperactive deep tendon reflex, + chvostek's sign (tap facial nerve=twitch), + trosseaus(hand/finger spasm BP),
Term
hypocalcemia cardio + GI
Definition
decreased myocardial contract (dec HR + hypotension), hyperactive BS, diarrhea, abdom cramp
Term
Hypomagnesemia
Definition
<1.3
Term
Hypomagnesemia neuro
Definition
increased nerve impulse transmission (hyperactive DTR, paresthesias, muscle tetany), positive chvostek's and trousseauS sign,
Term
Hypomagnesemia GI
Definition
hypoactive bs, constipation, abdominal distention, paralytic ileus
Term
Hypophosphatemia
Definition
<3.5
Term
Hypermagenesemia
Definition
>2.1
Term
hyperphosphatemia
Definition
>5
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