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Egypt!
N/A
20
History
7th Grade
04/22/2012

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Term
What geological feature is important to Egypt and why? (three reasons)
Definition
The Nile River
1. As the waters receded, it left behind new layers of mineral-rich silt, so it helped them agriculturally.
2. Travel, communication and trade occurred along the river.
3. Allowed people to live there.
Term
What was a disadvantage of living by the Nile?
Definition
Annual floods in September destroyed homes and crops.
Term
How was Egypt divided over time?
Definition
It was divided into thirty dynasties and further divided into the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms.
Term
Where was central government placed?
Definition
On the pharaoh, who was considered a god on Earth. His role was to maintain the divine order of the universe.
Term
What was the purpose of pyramids?
Definition
They were used as burial chambers for pharaohs.
Term
What was the administration like?
Definition
It was complex bureaucracy that kept detailed records of the country's resources.
Term
Why did Egypt keep such detailed records of resources?
Definition
So that they could tax them.
Term
What were the taxes used for? (five things)
Definition
They were used to pay for
1. The palace
2. The bureaucracy
3. The army
4. The building and maintaining of temples
5. The monuments to the pharaohs.
Term
What was the Egyptian writing system like?
Definition
Hieroglyphics. They were picture symbols standing for words and syllables.
Term
Other than the dead pharaoh, what else was put in the pyramids?
Definition
Pharaoh's belongings, including his advisors and slaves. In the belief that these thing would help the pharaoh in the afterlife.
Term
What decreased the power of the pharaoh?
Definition
The increasing use of hereditary administrative occupations.
Term
What was the social hierarchy like? (four things)
Definition
1. King and high-ranking officials
2. Low-ranking officials, local leaders, priests, artisans.
3. Peasants (primarily farmers)
4. Slaves.
Term
What did Egyptians often do to show respect to gods?
Definition
They built new temples, gave lavish gifts, spent much of the country's wealth on religious purposes, held daily worships.
Term
What is an advantage of Egyptian geography?
Definition
Egypt was less vulnerable to attacks and was significantly more self-sufficient than Mesopotamia.
Term
What happened around 3100 BCE?
Definition
Several small states merged into a unified territory. Egypt maintained unity for 3000 years.
Term
What god did Egyptians commonly believe that pharaohs were the incarnation of?
Definition
Son of Horus or incarnation of Horus.
Term
What geographical situation discredited the pharaohs?
Definition
The Nile's failure to flood around 2200 BCE.
Term
What did Egypt get from Mesopotamia? (four things)
Definition
1. Wheat
2. Barley
3. Egyptian pyramids probably influenced by Ziggurats.
4. Possibly writing system.
Term
What did Egypt get from Sudan? (four things)
Definition
1. Gourds
2. Watermelon
3. Domesticated donkey and cattle
4. Divine kingship theory.
Term
With whom did Egypt primarily trade?
Definition
The Mediterranean civilizations. Middle Eastern civilizations, Nubia, and along the east African coast.
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